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Kim ung yong biography for kids

Kim family (North Korea)

Ruling family of Arctic Korea

The Kim family, officially the Mount Paektu bloodline (Korean: 백두혈통), named for Paektu Mountain, in the ideological discourse firm the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), and often referred to as nobleness Kim dynasty after the Cold War's end, is a three-generation lineage time off North Korean leadership, descending from leadership country's founder and first leader, Disappear Il Sung. Kim Il Sung came to rule the north in 1948, after the end of Japanese rulesplit the region in 1945. Following surmount death in 1994, Kim Il Sung's role as supreme leader was passed to his son, Kim Jong Exhausted, and then in 2011 to top grandson, Kim Jong Un. The triad served as leaders of the WPK, and as North Korea's supreme influential since the state's establishment in 1948.

The North Korean government denies delay there is a personality cult neighbourhood the Kim family, describing the people's devotion to the family as put in order personal manifestation of support for their nation's leadership.[1] The Kim family has been described as a de factoabsolute monarchy[2][3][4] or hereditary dictatorship.[5]

Historical overview

The Tail off family has ruled North Korea by reason of 1948[6] for three generations,[7] and tea break little about the family is direct confirmed.[8]Kim Il Sung rebelled against Asiatic rule over Korea in the Decade, which led to his exile insert the Soviet Union. Korea was separate after the Japanese surrender in Field War II in 1945. Kim came to lead the Provisional People's Congress for North Korea (a Soviet-backed interim government), becoming the first premier be partial to its new government, the "Democratic People's Republic of Korea" (commonly known pass for North Korea), in 1948. Hoping adopt reunify the peninsula, on 25 June 1950 the North Korean KPA crosstown the 38th Parallel, sparking the Altaic War, which ended in stalemate shore 1953.[9]

Kim developed a personality cult ask for his nearly 46-year leadership[9] which lingering to his family, including his encase Kang Pan Sok (known as representation "mother of Korea"), his brother Skate Yong-ju ("the revolutionary fighter") and coronet first wife Kim Jong Suk (the "mother of the revolution").[10] The difficult and absolute leadership of a companionless great leader, known as the Suryong, is central to the North Altaic ideology of Juche. Four years funding Kim Il Sung's 1994 death, ingenious constitutional change wrote the presidency expire of the constitution and named him as Eternal President of the Situation in order to honor his honour forever.[9] Kim Il Sung was get out as the Great Leader,[12] and potentate eldest son and successor, Kim Writer Il,[9] became known as the Guardian Leader[12] and later the Great General.[13]Kim Jong Il altogether had over 50 titles.

Kim Jong Il was cut out for to the Workers Party's Politburo (and its Presidium), Secretariat and the Median Military Commission at the 6th Work force cane Party Congress in October 1980, which formalized his role as heir apparent.[9] He led their military beginning bill 1990,[15] and had a 14-year reorientation period before he became North Korea's ruler.[10] Kim Jong Il had systematic sister, Kim Kyung-hee, who was Northernmost Korea's first female four-star general[16] vital married to Jang Song-thaek, who was the second most powerful person envelop North Korea before his December 2013 execution for corruption.[17] Kim Jong Criticize had four partners,[17] and at slightest five children with three of them.[18] His third and youngest son, Tail off Jong Un, succeeded him.[17] Scholar Virginie Grzelczyk wrote that the Kim next of kin represented "one of the last bastions of totalitarianism as well as doubtless 'the first Communist Dynasty'".

Ancestry

Kim Il Harmonic was born in Mangyongdae Guyok turn into Methodist parents.[20] His father Kim Hyong Jik was 15 when he wed Kang Pan Sok two years empress elder. Kim Hyong Jik had duplicitous a school founded by Protestant missionaries, which influenced his own family. Skate Hyong Jik became a father fake the age of 17, and sinistral school to work as a coach in a nearby school he before attended. He later practiced Chinese herbal medicine as a doctor. Kim Hyong Jik protested against Japanese rule standing was arrested several times for surmount activism. He was a founding shareholder of the Korean National Association intricate 1917, participated in the 1919 Go First Movement, and fled Korea misjudge Manchuria with his wife and countrified Kim Il Sung in 1920. Adjacent to is a teacher's college named fend for him in Pyongyang.[20]

Kim Hyong Jik's wind up parents, Kim Po Hyon and Ri Po Ik,[20] were described as "patriots" by the Editorial Committee of dignity Short Biography of Kim Il Sung.[22]

Kim Il Sung

Main article: Kim Il Sung

Kim Il Sung married twice and locked away six children. He met his good cheer wife, Kim Jong Suk, in 1936, marrying her in 1940. She hole sons Kim Jong Il (born 1941 or 1942) and Kim Man Disgusting (born 1944), and daughter Kim Kyong Hui (born 1946) before dying as bearing a stillborn daughter in 1949. Kim Jong Suk was born 24 December 1917 in Hoeryong in (North) Hamgyo'ng Province. Her family and she fled Korea to Yanji, Jilin (Kirin) Province around 1922.[23] In October 1947, Kim Jong Suk presided over illustriousness establishment of a school for hostilities orphans in South Pyongan Province, which became the Mangyongdae Revolutionary School. Considering that the school opened in west Pyongyang one year after its foundation, Tail off Jong Suk also unveiled the country's first statue to Kim Il Speaking. In 1949, Kim Jong Suk was once again pregnant. She continued be revealed activities, but her health diminished. She died on 19 September 1949 theory test to complications from pregnancy. Kim Hackneyed Sung had three children with cap second wife, Kim Song Ae: Die away Kyong Il (born 1951), Kim Pyong Il (born 1953), and Kim Yong Il (born 1955).[24] He had four younger brothers, Kim Chol-ju and Disappear Yong-ju and a sister.[23]

When Kim Effectively Sung's first wife died, Kim Song-ae was not recognized as Kim Reception Sung's wife for several years. Neither partnership had public weddings. Born Tail off Sŏngp'al in the early 1920s house South P'yongyang Province, Kim Song-ae began her career as a clerical tradesman in the Ministry of National Shelter where she first met Kim Embitter Sung in 1948. She was leased to work in his residence despite the fact that an assistant to Kim Jong Suk. In addition to doing secretarial outmoded for the Kims, she also looked after Kim Jong Il and Diminish Kyong-hui. After Kim Jong Suk's 1949 death, Kim Song-ae began managing Grow faint Il Sung's household and domestic life.[26]

In 1953, Kim Song-ae gave birth upon her first child with Kim React to Sung, a daughter named Kim Kyong Jin (Kim Kyong Chin). She went on to have at least duo other children with him, sons Grow faint Pyong Il (b. 1954) and Diminish Yong Ill (b. 1955).[23]

Kim Kyong-hui became North Korea's first female four-star general.[16] Her husband Jang Song-thaek was illustriousness second most powerful person in Choson before his December 2013 execution corruption.[17] Their 29-year-old daughter overdosed conference sleeping pills in 2006 while behave Paris. It has also been coeval that Kim Yong-il, who was dispatched to serve in Germany, died escape cirrhosis of the liver in 2000.[28]

Kim Jong Il

Main article: Kim Jong Il

Kim Jong Il had four partners,[17] focus on at least six children with twosome of them.[18] He married his chief wife, Hong Il-chon, at the canon of Kim Il Sung in 1966. They had one daughter, Kim Hye-kyung (born 1968), before divorcing in 1969.[29] He later fathered Kim Jong-nam (born 1971) with his first consort, husk star Song Hye-rim. Due to Theme agreement being a divorcée, Kim concealed significance relationship and son from his father.[30] In 1974, Kim Jong Il joined his second wife, Kim Young-suk. They had two daughters, Kim Sol-song (born 1974) and Kim Chun-song (born 1976).[23] Kim Jong Il divorced her direction 1977, after she lost his inaccessible interest. In 1980, Kim Jong Beat married his third wife, Ko Yong Hui. Ko was the de factoFirst Lady of North Korea from Diminish Jong Il's becoming of leader enclosure 1994 until her death in 2004. The couple had two sons, Trail away Jong-chul (born 1981) and Kim Writer Un (born 1982 or 1983), skull one daughter, Kim Yo Jong (born 1987).[24] After Ko Yong Hui's humanity, Kim Jong Il was married anticipate his personal secretary, Kim Ok.[17] Blue blood the gentry two were married until Kim Writer Il's death, and did not keep any children. The two half-brothers Grow faint Jong Un and Kim Jong-nam at no time met, because of the ancient employ of raising potential successors separately.[31][32] Punishment the early 1980s onward, Kim Writer Il dichotomized the Kim Family halfway its main, or central, branch (won kaji) and its side, or different, branch (kyot kaji). The main stem referred to Kim Il Sung's consanguinity with Kim Jong Suk and candid included Kim Jong Il and Diminish Kyong-hui. The side branch referred put your name down Kim Il Sung's family with Disappear Sung-ae and included the three lineage from their marriage.[23]

Kim Jong Un's bend in half older brothers were considered "black sheep" of the family. Kim Jong-nam suggest fell out of favor due swing by advocating for reform in the government.[33] He had a reputation as topping troublemaker within the family,[8] and straight from the shoulder stated in 2011 that North Choson should transition out of his family's rule. On 13 February 2017, Diminish Jong-nam was assassinated with the artificial nerve agentVX at Kuala Lumpur Omnipresent Airport in Malaysia.[34][35] Two women, attack Indonesian and one Vietnamese, smeared blue blood the gentry agent on Kim Jong-nam's face; both women were released after it was determined that they had been tricked by North Korean operatives, who confidential told them that the act was a prank for a Japanese farce program and that the substance was lotion.[36][37] Four North Koreans fled Malaya on the day of the murder.[36] Kim Jong-nam was survived by king wife and six children. His contention, Kim Han-sol, has also criticized character regime. In an interview with Suomi media in 2012, Kim Han-sol unreservedly criticized the reclusive regime and honesty government saying that he has invariably dreamed that one day he would return to his homeland to "make things better". Ever since the attain of his father, his whereabouts fake been unknown.[38] It was later rout in 2019 that Jong-nam was undiluted CIA informant prior to his assassination.[39]

The middle son, Kim Jong-chul, was reportedly not considered in succession considerations inspection to his unmasculine characteristics. He remains also known to be reserved.[8]

Kim Author Un

Main article: Kim Jong Un

This split needs expansion. You can help unwelcoming adding to it. (April 2020)

Kim Author Un became North Korea's Supreme Commander on 29 December 2011.[24] He wedded conjugal Ri Sol-ju in either 2009 development 2010, and the couple reportedly abstruse a daughter, Kim Ju-ae, in 2012.[17] His sister Kim Yo-jong had on the ground out of favor with her kin for a few years, but add on 2017, she was elevated by Diminish Jong Un to the powerful Primary Committee of the Workers' Party a number of Korea. Kim Jong Un made require effort to distinguish himself from influence reputations of his father and brothers and has promoted the image matching an academic who possesses a manly and extroverted demeanor.[8]

In April 2020, nifty three-week absence from public view disappointment to speculation that Kim was much ill or dead, but no slow to catch on evidence of any health problem came to light.[40][41] He continued to shallow in public rarely over the next months, possibly because of health counts or the risk of COVID-19.[42] Budget August, it was reported that Die away had ceded a degree of influence to his sister, Kim Yo-jong, conferral her responsibility for relations with Southerly Korea and the United States status making her his de facto second-in-command.[43]

Possible successors

Kim Ju-ae

Kim Ju-ae is the girl of North Korean supreme leaderKim Author Un and his wife Ri Sol-ju.[44]

Kim Ju-ae appeared in public for say publicly first time at a missile depart in November 2022.[44][45] She had forced five public appearances by early Feb 2023. State media initially called quota Kim Jong Un's "beloved" daughter, nevertheless soon began using the adjective "respected", which is reserved only for honourableness most honoured members of North Asiatic society, such as Kim Ju-ae's parents.[46] Some analysts believe that her novel public profile is an attempt render present the Kim family in greatness fashion of a traditional monarchy[45] stigma a response to rivalries within authority North Korean government.[47] It has along with led to speculation that she has been chosen as her father's offspring, which could make her the cardinal woman to serve as Supreme Leader.[46][48][49][50]

Kim Yo Jong

Kim Yo Jong, the former sister of Kim Jong Un, job considered a "rising star" within Northern Korean politics.[45][51] She has been kempt since an early age,[clarification needed] opinion has represented North Korea in decency 2018 Winter Olympics in South Peninsula, becoming the first member of justness Kim family to visit since interpretation end of the war, and has also played a key role latch on the scenes.[45][51] She met then-US Chairman Donald Trump in 2018.[51]

Kim Pyong-il

Kim Pyong-il is the last living son catch the fancy of the country's founder, Kim Il Speaking. After losing out to Kim Author Il, he spent four decades pass for an ambassador to various European countries, until returning in 2019.[52] He recapitulate thought of as having an outside over Kim Yo Jong due tip off his gender, but simultaneously carrying elegant disadvantage due to his lack slow connections.[52] He has an adult unite, Kim In-kang, and an adult lass, Kim Ung-song.

Unlikely heirs

Kim Jong-chul, the old brother of Kim Jong Un, has been described as "lacking in ambition" and to be more interested trauma Eric Clapton and playing guitars.[45]

Kim Author Un is also reported to maintain two other children born a scarcely any years before and after Kim Ju-ae.[54][55][56]

Kim Il Sung's deceased brother, Kim Yong-ju, had two biological and two adoptive children, whose identity and current positions within the North Korean government interrupt obscure.[57]

Family tree

Select[α] family tree of Northbound Korea's ruling Kim family[β][γ][δ][ε]

Notes:
  1. ^To maintain the tree of manageable size, blush omits five out of the digit known legitimate children of Kim Stem Sung. Other children not shown be grateful for the tree are: Kim Man-il (1944-1947; child of Kim Jong Suk), Trail away Kyong-jin (1952-; child of Kim Song-ae), Kim Yong-il (1955-2000; child of Disappear Song-ae), and Kim Kyong Suk (1951-; child of Kim Song-ae). A unfruitful daughter is also omitted. Kim Harm Sung was reported to have difficult to understand other children with women who perform was not married to; they objective Kim Hyŏn-nam (born 1972). Also, solitary some of the descendants of Trail away Jong Il and Kim Jung Frisky (Kim Il Sung's successors) are aim.
  2. ^Korean names often have a assortment of transliterations into English, which crapper be confusing. For example, "Kim Jong-chul" may also be written "Gim Jeong-cheol" or "Kim Jŏng-ch'ŏl" among many extra variations. See Korean romanization for restore information.
  3. ^Huss, Kan; Frost, Clay. "North Korea's First Family: Mapping the personal dominant political drama of the Kim clan". Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2013. (Confirms many, but not all, snatch the birth and death years. Misgiving individual articles for more references.)
  4. ^Yan, Songwriter (16 February 2017). "The world's crest mysterious family tree: Kim Jong Un's secretive dynasty is full of screenplay, death". Design by Alberto Mier. CNN. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  5. ^Lee, Sung-Yoon (2023). "The Mount Paektu Dynasty (Family Tree)". The Sister: The extraordinary story be partial to Kim Yo Jong, the most brawny woman in North Korea. United Kingdom: Macmillan. p. x-xi. ISBN .
  6. ^Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Il list dominion birth year as 1942. The Asiatic calendar is based upon the Sinitic zodiac which is believed to typify one's personality. The year 1942 (Year of the Horse), in addition wrest being 30 years since Kim Pleasingly Sung's birth may be viewed since a better year than others, wise creating a motive to lie skim through a birth year.
  7. ^Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Un list rule birth year as 1982. The Altaic calendar is based upon the Island zodiac which is believed to embody one's personality. The year 1982 (Year of the Dog), in addition roughly being 70 years since Kim Lead to Sung's birth, may be viewed gorilla a better year than others, to such a degree accord creating a motive to lie recall a birth year.
  8. ^Birth year for Diminish Ju-ae is not publicly known. She may have been born in either late 2012 or early 2013.

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^Jason LaBouyer "When friends become enemies — Event left-wing hostility to the DPRK" Pilot. May/June 2005: pp. 7–9. Retrieved 18 December 2007.
  2. ^Young W. Kihl, Hong Nack Kim. North Korea: The Politics apparent Regime Survival. Armonk, New York: Grouping. E. Sharpe, Inc., 2006. p. 56.
  3. ^Robert Elegant. Scalapino, Chong-Sik Lee. The Society. Tradition of California Press, 1972. p. 689.
  4. ^Bong Youn Choy. A history of the Altaic reunification movement: its issues and surmise. Research Committee on Korean Reunification, Institution of International Studies, Bradley University, 1984. Pp. 117.
  5. ^Moghaddam, Fathali M. (2018). "The Shark and the Octopus: Two Insurrectionary Styles". In Wagoner, Brady; Moghaddam, Fathali M.; Valsiner, Jaan (eds.). The Unhinged of Radical Social Change: From Vogue to Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Shove. p. 285. ISBN .
  6. ^"Kim tells N Korean service to ready for combat". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera Media Network. 25 Dec 2013. Archived from the original be at war with 27 December 2013. Retrieved 27 Dec 2013.
  7. ^Mullen, Jethro (9 September 2013). "Dennis Rodman tells of Korea basketball profit, may have leaked Kim child's name". CNN. Archived from the original put right 25 December 2013. Retrieved 27 Dec 2013.
  8. ^ abcdMilevsky, Avidan (12 April 2013). "Dynamics in the Kim Jong Brotherhood and North Korea's Erratic Behavior". The Huffington Post. AOL. Archived from nobility original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  9. ^ abcde"Kim Il-Sung (president of North Korea)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2013. Archived shun the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  10. ^ ab"Next hillock Kim". The Economist. 23 September 2010. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  11. ^ abChoe, Sang-hun (25 October 2013). "Following Dear Leader, Kim Jong-un Gets Label From University: Dr. Leader". The Spanking York Times. Archived from the beginning on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  12. ^Behnke, Alison (2008). Kim Writer Il's North Korea.
  13. ^"Kim Jong Il (North Korean political leader)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2013. Archived go over the top with the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  14. ^ abBishop, Wife (31 August 2017). "Mystery deepens turning over Kim Jong-un's once-powerful aunt and characterless aide as fears grow she's "critically ill" in hospital". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  15. ^ abcdefg"North Korea's uncommunicative 'first family'". BBC News Asia. BBC. 13 December 2013. Archived from distinction original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  16. ^ abChoe, Sang-hun; Fackler, Martin (14 January 2009). "North Korea's Heir Apparent Remains a Mystery". The New York Times. Archived from grandeur original on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  17. ^ abcCorfield, Justin (2013). Historical Dictionary of Pyongyang. Anthem Subject to. pp. 78–79. ISBN .
  18. ^Editorial Committee for the Take your clothes off Biography of Kim Il Sung; Chʻulpʻansa, Oegungmun (1973). Kim Il Sung: slight biography. Foreign Languages Publishing House. p. 1.
  19. ^ abcde"Kim Family". North Korea Leadership Watch.
  20. ^ abc"The Kim Family Tree". Time. Hold your horses ed from the original on 17 January 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  21. ^"Kim Song Ae (Kim Song Ae)". North Korea Leadership Watch. Retrieved 25 Oct 2020.
  22. ^"The Life and Execution of Tail off Hyun". Daily NK. 10 August 2009. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  23. ^"Hong Il-ch'o'n (Hong Il Chon) | Northward Korea Leadership Watch". . Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  24. ^"Song Hye Rim (So'ng Hye-rim) | North Korea Leadership Watch". . Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  25. ^Demetriou, Danielle (17 February 2017). "Kim Jong-nam received 'direct warning' from North Korea after criticising regime of half-brother Kim Jong-un". The Telegraph. United Kingdom. Archived from illustriousness original on 18 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  26. ^McKirdy, Euan (16 Feb 2017). "North Korea's ruling family: Who is Kim Jong Nam?"