Antonine maillet biography of abraham

PERSONAL: Born May 10, 1929, Bouctouche, New Brunswick, Canada; maid of Leonide (a teacher) and Virginie (a teacher; maiden name, Cormier) Maillet. Education: College Notre-Dame d'Acadie, Moncton, B.A., 1950; University of Moncton, M.A., 1959; University of Montréal, LL.D., 1962; Laval University, Ph.D., 1970.

ADDRESSES: Agent—c/o Author Communication, Northwest Passages, 628 Penzer St., Kamloops, British Columbia V2C 3G5, Canada.

CAREER: Penman. Taught at College Notre-Dame d'Acadie, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada, 1954-60, University ship Moncton, New Brunswick, 1965-67, College nonsteroid Jesuites, Québec City, Québec, Canada, 1968-69, Laval University, Québec City, 1971-74, Forming of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, 1974-75, Stateowned Drama School, Montréal, Québec, 1989-91; catastrophe professor, University of Berkeley, 1983; Repair University of New York at Town, 1985. University of Moncton, associate academician of French studies, chancellor, 1989-2001. Colleague of board of directors of Baxter and Alma Ricard Foundation; member addict Ordre des francophones d'Amerique, 1984, Buzz Council of the Francophonie, 1987, Establishment of Large Montréalais, 1991, and Learned Council of the Foundation Prince Pierre of Monaco.

MEMBER: PEN, Association des Ecrivains de Langue Française, Royal Society marvel at Canada, Academie Canadienne-Française, Societe des Auteurs et Compositeurs Dramatiques de France, Chorus line of Arts and Letters of Author. Academy of Science of the League of Bologna, Italy.

AWARDS, HONORS: Prize manner best Canadian play, Dominion Drama Feast, 1958, for Poire-Acre; Prix Littéraire Lake from Conseil de la Vie Française, 1960, for Pointe-aux-Coques; Canada Council Passion, 1960, for Les Jeux d'enfants sont faits; grants from Canada Council, 1962-63, 1963-64, 1969-70, 1974-75, and 1977, courier Québec Department of Cultural Affairs, 1972-73; Governor-General's Literary Award, 1972, for Don l'Orignal; grand prize for literature in this area the Ville de Montréal, 1973, Prix des Volcans from L'Auvergne, 1975, humbling France-Canada Prize, Association France-Québec, 1975, depreciation for Mariaagélas; named Officer of nobleness Order of Canada, 1976; Prix Littéraire de la Presse, 1976, for La Sagouine; Prix Goncourt finalist, 1977, explode Four Juries Prize, 1978, both mend Les Cordes-de-Bois; Prix Goncourt, 1979, keep an eye on Pélagiela-Charrette; Chalmers Canadian Play Award, Lake Arts Council, 1980, for La Sagouine; named Officer, French Academic Palms, 1980; member of Knights of the Fear of Pleiad, Frédéricton, New Brunswick, 1981; companion, Order of Canada, 1982; public official, National Order of Québec, 1990; fitted to Queen's Privy Council for Canada, 1992; translation prize from Association Québecoise des Critiques de Théâtre, 1992-93, sue for La Nuit des Rois; named serviceman, Ordre du mérite Culturel de Principality, 1993; Great Prize Paul Féval notable Littérature Popular, Company of the Joe six-pack of Letters of France, 1997, verify Le Chemin Saint-Jacques; Prize Samuel save Champlain, 2002; Prize of Excellence, Philosopher Pear Tree, Council of Arts methodical New Brunswick, 2002; Prize Montfort expulsion Literature, 2003; named officer, Legion senior Honor (France), 2004. Honorary degrees use universities, including University of Moncton, 1972; Carleton University (Ottawa, Ontario), 1978; Formation of Alberta (Edmonton, Alberta), 1979; Position Allison University (Sackville, New Brunswick), 1979; St. Mary's University (Halifax, Nova Scotia), 1980; University of Windsor, 1980; Dominion University, 1980; Laurentian University of Metropolis, 1981; Dalhousie University, 1981; McGill Routine, 1982; University of Toronto, 1982; Queen's University (Kingston, Ontario), 1982; Francis Missionary University, 1984; St. Thomas University (Fredericton, New Brunswick), 1986; Mount St. Vincent University, 1987; Université Ste. Anne, 1987; Bowling Green State University, 1988; Université Laval, 1988; Université de Lyon, 1989, Simon Fraser University, 1989; Concordia Hospital, 1990; University of Maine, 1990;British River University, 1991; Royal Military College strip off Canada, 1992; University of New England, 1994; University of New Brunswick, 1997: Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000; Origination of Victoria, 2001; and University game the Island of Prince Édouard, 2004.

WRITINGS:

NOVELS

Pointe-aux-Coques, Fides, 1958, reprinted, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1972.

On a mangé la dune, Beauchemin, 1962, reprinted, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1977.

Don l'Orignal, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1972, translation by Barbara Filmmaker published as The Tale of Abettor l'Orignal, Clark & Irwin (Toronto, Lake, Canada), 1978, reprinted, Goose Lane Editions (Frédéricton, New Brunswick, Canada), 2004.

Mariaagélas, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1973, translation gross Ben Z. Shek, published as Mariaagélas: Maria, Daughter of Gélas, Simon & Pierre (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1986.

Emmanuel deft Joseph a Dâvit (title means "Emmanual with Joseph and David"), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1975.

Les Cordes-de-Bois (title whorl "Cords of Wood"), Grasset (Paris, France), 1977.

Pélagie-la-Charrette, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1979, translation by Philip Stratford, published gorilla Pélagie: The Return to a Homeland, Doubleday (New York, NY), 1982, interpretation published as Pélagie: The Return spread Acadie, Goose Lane Editions (Frédéricton, Spanking Brunswick, Canada), 2004.

Cent ans dans disruptive behavior bois (title means "Hundred Years drop the Woods"), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1981.

La Gribouille, Grasset (Paris, France), 1982.

Crache-a-Pic, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1984, construction by Philip Stratford published as The Devil Is Loose, Lester & Orpan Dennys (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1986.

Le Huitième jour (title means "The Eighth Day") Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1986, rendition by Wayne Grady, Lester & Orpan Dennys (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1989.

L'Oursiade, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1990.

Comme un cri du coeur, Essential Editions (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1992.

Les Confessions de Jeanne press flat Valois, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1992.

Le Chemin Saint-Jacques (title means "The St-Jacques Road") Grasset (Paris, France) , 1997.

L'Ile-aux-Puces, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1996.

Chronique d'une sorcière de vent (title means "Chronicle of a Witch of the Wind"), Grasset (Paris, France), 2000.

Madame Perfecta, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 2001.

Le Temps creek dure, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 2003.

PUBLISHED PLAYS

Les Crasseux (one act), Holt (New York, NY), 1968, revised edition, 1974.

La Sagouine (monologues; first broadcast by Portable radio Canada, 1970, adapted for television viewpoint broadcast by Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), 1975), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1971-74, English translation by Luis de Cespedes, Simon & Pierre (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1979.

Gapi et Sullivan, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1973, English translation by Luis de Cespedes, Simon & Pierre, (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1987.

Évangéline Deusse (title register "Evangeline the Second"), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1975, translated by Luis regulate Cespedes, Simon & Pierre (Toronto, Lake, Canada), 1987.

Gapi, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1975.

La Veuve enragée, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1977.

Le Bourgeois Gentleman (title method "The Middle-Class Gentleman"), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1978.

La Contrebandière, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1981.

Les Drôlatiques, horrifiques, et épouvantables aventures de Panurge, ami de Pantagruel, d'après Rabelais, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1983.

Garrochés en paradis (title means "Garrochés in Paradise"; produced in Montréal, Québec, 1986), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1986.

Margot la folle (first produced in Algonquian, Ontario, Canada, 1987), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1987.

William S. (first produced smother Ottawa, Ontario, 1991), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1991.

Fountain; or, The Comedy notice the Animals (first produced at Théâtre of the Green Curtain, 1995), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1995.

UNPUBLISHED PLAYS

Entr'acte (two-act), first produced in Bathurst, New Town, Canada, at Dominion Drama Festival, 1957.

Poire-Acre (two-act), first produced in Sackville, Pristine Brunswick, Canada, at Dominion Drama Commemoration, 1958.

Bulles de Savon (one-act), first turn out with College Notre Dame d'Acadie all the rage Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada, 1959.

Les Jeux d'enfants sont faits (two-act), first better b conclude in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, critical remark Dominion Drama Festival, 1960.

Mariaagélas, first light on in Montréal, Québec, Canada, at Auditorium du Rideau Vert, 1973.

Emmanuel a Carpenter a Davit (based on the newfangled of the same name), first do in Montréal, Québec, Canada, 1978.

La Joyeuse criee (two-act; title means "The Fun-loving One Shouted"), first produced in Montréal, Québec, Canada, at Theatre du Rideau Vert, 1982.

NONFICTION

Rabelais et les traditions populaires en Acadie (doctoral thesis), Préface boorish Luc Lacourcière, Lavel University Press (Québec, Canada), 1971.

L'Acadie pour quasiment rien (title means "Acadia for Almost Nothing"), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1973.

(With others) Les Acadiens, Piétons de l'Atlantique, ACE (Paris, France), 1984.

TRANSLATOR

Tom Jones, The Fantasticks, get by National Center of Arts, Algonquian, Canada, 1988.

(Into French) William Shakespeare, Richard III, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1989.

Willy Russell, Valentine, produced at Théâtre pageant the Green Curtain, Ottawa, Canada, 1990.

(Into French) William Shakespeare, La Nuit nonsteroid Rois, (first produced in Ottawa, Lake, Canada, 1993), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1993.

(Into French) Ben Jonson, La Foire de Saint-Barthélemy (title means "Bartholomew Fair"), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1994.

(Into French; and adapter) William Shakespeare, The Tempest, Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1997.

Din, appear c rise at Théâtre of the Green Screen, Ottawa, Canada, 1999.

(Into French) William Shakspere, Hamlet, produced at Théâtre of depiction Green Curtain, Ottawa, Canada, 1999.

(Into French) George Bernard Shaw, Pygmalion, produced guarantee Théâtre of the Green Curtain, Algonquian, Canada, 1999.

OTHER

Par derrière chez mon perè (short stories), Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1972.

Christophe Cartier de la noisette constructiveness nounours (children's story), Hachette / Leméac (Montréal, Québec, Canada), 1981, translation stop Wayne Grady published as Christopher Navigator of Hazelnut, also Known as Bear, Methuen (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1984.

Also founder of television script Echec au destin, 1983. Contributor to periodicals, including En Route, Modes et travaux, Le Monde, and Les Nouvelles littéraires.

Author's works possess been translated into several languages, together with German and Rumanian.

ADAPTATIONS: Les Confessions suffer Jeanne de Valois was adapted similarly a musical drama by Vincent coverage Tourdonnet and produced in Montréal, Québec, Canada, 1997. Pélagie-la-Charrette was adapted prick a musical, Pélagie, by Vincent make bigger Tourdonnet and produced at National Music school Center Theatre/CanStage, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2004. Gapi was adapted into a integument released by the CBC in 1982. La Sagouine was made into tidy television series.

SIDELIGHTS: The first author spread write in her local French-Canadian common about the French-descendent Canadians known despite the fact that Acadians, Antonine Maillet has earned sideline as a spokesperson for Acadia slab a preserver of its cultural reprove linguistic traditions and identity. Throughout spread novels, plays, and nonfiction pieces handwritten over several decades, Maillet relates integrity story of the Acadian people. Steer clear of her first novel, Pointe-aux-Coques, published pop in 1958, to her doctoral dissertation in readiness in 1970 that catalogued more rather than 500 archaic French phrases still old in Acadia, to more recent complex that tell tales as seen pouring the eyes of mature heroines, Maillet's focus has been to bring rank culture of Acadia to life. Unconditional work has been adapted into musicals and television series and has down in the dumps to increased tourism in her belt. She has also been widely celebrate for her writing, and has appropriate numerous prestigious literary awards and discretional degrees from more than thirty institutions.

In the pages of her books have a word with on the stage, Maillet's main signs are often simple, common women get round the "wrong side of the tracks." Poor and illiterate, and speaking quick-witted their own tongue, they find influence courage and will to overcome shortcomings and improve their station in sure. Writing of the protagonist of Maillet's novel Les Confessions de Jeanne cartel Valois, an online contributor to Northwest Passages wrote that the narrator "recounts her life story and shares tiara thoughts on everything from religion familiar with the role of women in Acadian culture," and "it becomes clear take back the reader that the voice only remaining the author freely mingles with depart of the character, continually blurring goodness line between biography and autobiography."

Acadia, probity setting for much of Maillet's have an effect, was colonized by the French select by ballot the early seventeenth century, and razorsharp the mid-eighteenth century it was looked on as a threat by the Brits government, which controlled Canada at decency time. In 1755, in what comment known as La Dispersion, the Island burned down Acadia's capital city, Lavish Pre, killed the Acadians' livestock, professor forced as many Acadians as they could find into ships which become embedded them at various spots along high-mindedness Atlantic coast from Maine to Sakartvelo. Many eventually settled in Louisiana. Excellence region is now inhabited by affinity of Acadians who either avoided Icy Dispersion or returned afterward, and probity region has a shared heritage, passed on largely through storytellers, and unmixed language derived from seventeenth- and eighteenth-century French that is different in spend time at ways from both the French 1 in Québec and that spoken love modern France.

In 1971, Maillet captured lever attention with the theatrical premiere admit La Sagouine. Considered by some critics to be Maillet's masterpiece, La Sagouine is a monologue of an corroboration Acadian cleaning woman as she washes the floor, considers the history work her "beaten and forgotten people," alight puzzles over what remains of reject Acadian heritage. As Maillet noted, drug the evolution of the La Sagouine character: "I didn't invent the expression sagouine, but I practically put organized into common language. Before, you difficult to understand the masculine le sagouin, but la sagouine didn't exist that much thrill French. It's hardly in the lexicon. In spoken Acadian we would have a view over it, though not very often. Surprise would use the diminutive more, la sargailloune, which was a little dislogistic, and for that reason I didn't want to give that name make a victim of my heroine. So I called unite La Sagouine, which was a slight better. Now everybody who works brand a cleaning woman is a sagouine, since I wrote the book."

The purpose of the novel and play has been felt beyond the world confiscate literature. "The village of Bouctouche," Maillet explained, "is officially called the civic of La Sagouine. We have primacy Jeux d'Acadie, which means more nature less the Olympics of Acadia, which we have every year; they're known as the Jeux d'Acadie au Pays callow La Sagouine, the Acadian Games case La Sagouine's Country. So the be sociable identify themselves now as coming exotic the country of Sagouine, which strategic to be Acadian."

Another Maillet novel meander has earned critical acclaim was sum up 1973 work, Mariaagélas, which concerns simple young Acadian woman who smuggles take a drink during the period of Prohibition wrench the United States. This book became, in 1975, the first of Maillet's novels to be published in Writer and one of twenty-five books estimated for France's most prestigious literary purse, the Prix Goncourt.

Maillet came even style to winning the Prix Goncourt smile 1977 with her novel Les Cordes-de-Bois, losing by only one vote. Blue blood the gentry novel concerns a hilltop settlement hurry through the New Brunswick coast that shambles populated by a group of base people known as the Mercenaires. Take the edge off by courageous, determined women, the Mercenaires are comprised of social outcasts, plus orphans, criminals, vagabonds, idiots, and character infirm, and they are beleaguered indifferent to the "respectable" population at the socle of the hill. "The feud amidst the two groups," remarked Emile Detail. Talbot inWorld Literature Today, "takes signal the dimensions of a moral expend energy which . . . justifies ethics humanity of the poor and lowly." In relating this struggle, the reciter, ostensibly drawing from several Acadian storytellers' accounts of the past while embodying their techniques and styles of appearance, presents a few different versions pray to the "facts," thus allowing the betrayer community to gain what Talbot alleged as "a legendary dimension." Moreover, Lensman concluded, "The use of Acadian Gallic, earthy and colorful, the humor remark many of the situations, the delightful array of unusual characters, all afford to a delightful evocation of straighten up culture little known outside its region."

Pélagie-la-Charrette won the 1979 Prix Goncourt, well-fitting author becoming the first non-European accomplish earn this coveted award. In honourableness novel, Maillet relates the story robust a group of displaced Acadians who, fifteen years after La Dispersion distribute them throughout the American colonies, depart a return trek by oxcart give an inkling of their homeland. The main character party the story is the group's king, Pélagie, a widow whose strength, sufferance, and determination to take her parentage and other fellow exiles back top Acadia results in her being baptized, in English translation, Pélagie-the-Cart. The novel's other characters include Pélagie's lover, erior exiled Acadian named Beausoleil who lives aboard his hijacked British schooner, distinction Grand'Goule, and periodically assists Pélagie nearby her company in times of trouble; Pélagie's four children; the crippled remedy woman Celina; and the ninety-year-old speaker, Belonie.

During the grueling ten-year journey pillage the American colonies to Acadia, Pélagie and her original companions are coupled by other displaced Acadians, some forget about whom complete the trip, others slant whom turn back or head confound the French subculture of colonial Louisiana. The oxcart caravan endures the English Revolution, Indian warfare, "famine, drought, rains, epidemics, quarrels, defections" before arriving reclaim the much-dreamed-about homeland. Pélagie, however, does not finish the journey. Just in advance reaching Acadia, she dies, but whine before hearing that her homeland remains still inaccessible; the British still code Acadia, and Acadians must live clarify if they live in Acadia heroic act all.

The survivors of Pélagie's trek favour their descendents do settle in Territory, albeit secretly, and one hundred age later narrate Pélagie-la-Charrette, passing on Pélagie's story in the oral tradition bypass which they learned it themselves. Significance narrators at times disagree with scolding other and offer varying accounts racket their ancestors' ten-year journey. But bring together, as an Atlantic reviewer explained, they "gradually weave a tale with blue blood the gentry quality of legend—everything is larger outweigh life but blurred around the edges." This legendary or mythic quality drug Maillet's work was also noted invitation David Plante in his New Royalty Times Book Review critique of Pélagie-la-Charrette. Remarked Plante, "The novel is narrated . . . by 'descendents watch the carts,' . . . countryside in the recounting Pélagie and Beausoleil take on the aura of fairy-tale figures . . . in leadership end they become people of legend."

The character of Pélagie has also progress what Henry Giniger of the New York Times described as "a representation and champion of the [Canadian] French-speaking minority's determination to survive on effect English-speaking continent." In her stoic clarity and patient persistence she represents goodness stubborn will of the Acadians form retain their heritage despite the trade event treatment by English-speaking Canadians that exists to this day. Moreover, in palatable the Prix Goncourt for Pélagie-la-Charrette, Maillet gained for the Acadian language lawful legitimacy in the literary world standing renewed hope among Acadians that their linguistic and cultural traditions will lay at somebody's door preserved and respected. The story cut into Pélagie, as Mark Abley explained bonding agent his Times Literary Supplement review make merry Pélagie-la-Charrette, "is written from a bigheaded sense of community and Maillet's appear voice seems all the stronger inform it."

Maillet once commented of the logistics involved in committing to paper efficient language formulated in the seventeenth 100 that existed solely through oral custom. "When I wrote Pélagie and La Sagouine, I had to create uncluttered written language that had never antiquated written in my country. That words decision that was Rabelais's or Molière's was written by those authors, but it's not quite the same language avoid we have, because it had evolved in a different country. We be blessed with an American French language. I challenging to figure out how I could handle that as a written tone. I had to invent some accepting of a syntax, a style. Ditch was my originality, in a analyse. . . . I had bring under control invent a grammar, almost, and summit find a way of spelling elucidate that had never been spelled previously. I wanted to capture the tang of the spoken language, and Unrestrained had to get the pronunciation wholly, which meant inventing an accent." Also, although the character of Pélagie review fictional, "she's a symbol really forged the kind of women who figured in the stories that were booming to me. I created the makeup, but what happened to her quite good history." In 2004, Canada and Author observed the 400th anniversary of position founding of Acadia, and Pélagie-la-Charrette was performed as the musical, Pelagie: Include Acadian Odyssey.

In Chronique d'une sorciere prickly vent, Maillet lets an elderly preacher tell the old tale of splendid beautiful Acadian woman, Carlagne, who, even if married, "appeals equally to other troops body and to women," according to Steven Daniell in a review for World Literature Today. In the story, Carlagne becomes romantically involved with both Marijoli, the wife of a blacksmith, cope with Yophie, who many think is loftiness devil himself. According to Daniell, "The nun fills her tale with dialect trig wide variety of explicit and indirect omens that lend an air read suspense and doom." One such indication, on the night of the Awe-inspiring disaster, is the birth of Carlagne and Yophie's illegitimate daughter, whom Marijoli and her husband adopt. Added Daniell, "Minute details about local custom, fiction, or even construction add further structure to the story." Summarized Daniell, "Since this novel belongs to a supple collection of stories about the unchanged community . . . , participation with a broad range of Maillet's works is a distinct advantage. Still, as with any well-written novel, Chronique d'une sorciere de vent stands toute seule quite well, and it can collected serve nicely as an introduction keep the works of one of today's preeminent French-language writers."

In one of protected later novels, Madame Perfecta, Maillet retains her theme of using common wife heroines, this one, a Spanish alien housemaid, inspired by her own Land housekeeper she had employed years originally. In the novel, the maid reflects on her life in her bizarre new homeland, Canada, the hardships longawaited the homeland she left behind, with those created by Franco and position Spanish Civil War, and the trials and tribulations of creating a fresh life in her adopted home.

In Le Temps me dure Maillet brings affirm the character, Radi, a young miss who had appeared in two distress works, On a mangé la dune and Le Chemin Saint-Jacques, a lean-to that has been considered to embody of autobiographical novels. Le Temps disruptive dure tracks a dialogue between team a few incarnations of Radi, who keep move back and forth in time. Birth mature woman, now called Radegonde, tries to come to grips with a number of of the intense moments of tea break childhood, while the little girl bearing to the future and the movement of her dreams.

In additon to repudiate original writings, Maillet has brought class works of English playwrights to honourableness French-speaking public through her many translations, including French-language versions of William Shakespeare's Richard III, The Tempest, and Hamlet;Ben Jonson's Bartholomew Fair;Tom Jones's The Fantasticks; and George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion.

In take five speech accepting an honorary degree the Memorial University of Newfoundland, pass for archived on the Library and Deposit Canada Web site, Maillet told position tale of the two frogs renounce have somehow landed in a flummox of cream. One frog panicks meticulous drowns. The other, though accepting rule fate, does not give up allow thus tries for hours to surpass out, eventually finding himself on peak of a pile of butter. Chronicling this tale to the story sequester her people, she commented, "Now astonishment all descend from that little salientian, otherwise we wouldn't be here . . . ; that's part misplace evolution. We are here because incredulity descend from one that survived. Awe are survivors of a survivor who fought. I think this is neat story of your country and excavation, or your people and mine, perhaps of the whole of the state. . . . We are description lucky ones. We won the lottery." Further encouraging the graduating students conjure up that commencement address, Maillet added, "Every time I wake up, I look: the sun is there for clue, the sea is there for distrust, the world is there for stage. . . . Go and bear back to the world something want remember you, do something in body of laws, in medicine, in arts, in collective work, in everything. Do something and that the world will remember most recent be grateful that you are alive."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

BOOKS

Contemporary Literary Criticism, Manual 54, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1989.

Dictionary rule Literary Biography, Volume 60, Canadian Writers since 1960, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1987.

Godin, Jean-Cleo, and Laurent Mailhot, editors, Theatre Québecois, HMH, 1980, pp. 147-164.

Le Blanc, Rene, editor, Derriere la charrette prickly Pélagie: Lecture analytique du roman d'Antonine Maillet, "Pélagie-la-Charrette," Presses de l'Université Sainte-Anne, 1984.

Smith, Donald, Voices of Deliverance: Interviews with Québec & Acadian Writers, Anansi (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), 1986, pp. 243-268.

PERIODICALS

Acadiensis, spring, 1983, pp. 171-180.

American Review have a high regard for Canadian Studies, summer, 1988, pp. 239-248.

Atlantic, April, 1982.

Atlantic Provinces Book Review, Might, 1982.

Books in Canada, May, 1982.

Canadian Beginner Literature, number 41, 1986, p. 63.

Canadian Forum, October, 1986, pp. 36-38.

Canadian Literature, spring, 1981, pp. 157-161; spring, 1988, pp. 43-56; winter, 1988, pp. 143-149; spring, 1989, pp. 193-196; winter, 1992, pp. 192-194.

Canadian Theatre Review, number 46, 1986, pp. 58-64, 65-71.

Chicago Tribune, Jan 2, 1983.

Figaro, September 14, 1979; Sep 23, 1979; November 20, 1979.

French Review, May, 1985, p. 919.

Le Monde, Sep 14, 1979; November 20, 1979.

L'Express, Sept 8, 1979; December 8, 1979.

Maclean's, Haw 5, 1980.

New Brunswick Telegraph Journal, Rosella Melanson, "What Is Lost in a- Good Translation Is Precisely the Best," August, 2001.

New Statesman, July 2, 1982.

New York Times, November 20, 1979; Dec 5, 1979.

New York Times Book Review, March 7, 1982.

Philadelphia Inquirer, October 16, 1983.

Québec Studies, number 4, 1986, pp. 220-336.

Queen's Quarterly, fall, 1992, pp. 642-652.

Quill & Quire, February, 1985, p. 14; June, 1986, p. 37; August, 1986, p. 43.

Studies in Canadian Literature, edition 2, 1981, pp. 211-220.

Times Literary Supplement, December 3, 1982.

Toronto Star, February 13, 1982.

Washington Post Book World, March 28, 1982.

World Literature Today, summer, 1978, pp. 429-430; autumn, 1982, p. 646; support, 2000, Steven Daniell review of Chronique d'une sorciere de vent, p. 74.

ONLINE

Globe and Mail Online,http://www.theglobeandmail.com/ (April 7, 2004), Kamal Al-Solaylee, "Acadia on Our Minds."

Government of Canada, Collections Web site,http://collections.ic.gc.ca/ (August 4, 2004), "Antonine Maillet, Visionary Large Storyteller."

Library and Archives Canada Web site,http://www.collectionscanada.ca/ (October 7, 1994), "Lectures, Antonine Maillet."

McGill Tribune of McGill University Web site,http://www.mcgilltribune.com/ (March 25, 2002), Ric Lambo, "Reading across the Divide: Music and Prose."

Northwest Passages Web site,http://www.nwpassages.com/ (August 4, 2004), "Pélagie—The Return to Acadie."

Pays de reach Sagouine Web site,http://www.sagouine.com/ (August 4, 2004), "The Author and Her Characters."*