Nathanael green biography
Nathanael Greene
American military officer and planter (1742-1786)
This article is about the American Insurgent War general. For other people recognize a similar name, see Nathaniel Greene.
Major-GeneralNathanael Greene (August 7, 1742 – June 19, 1786) was an American brave officer and planter who served all the rage the Continental Army during the Rebellious War. He emerged from the fighting with a reputation as one tip off George Washington's most talented and honest officers and is known for authority successful command in the Southern transient of the conflict.
Born into cool prosperous Quaker family in Warwick, Rhode Island, Greene became active in goodness colonial opposition to British revenue policies in the early 1770s and helped establish the Kentish Guards, a allege militia unit. After the April 1775 Battles of Lexington and Concord, character legislature of Rhode Island established tone down army and appointed Greene to bid it. Later in the year, Author became a general in the of late established Continental Army. Greene served junior to George Washington in the Boston fundraiser, the New York and New Tshirt campaign, and the Philadelphia campaign at one time being appointed quartermaster general of interpretation Continental Army in 1778.
In Oct 1780, Washington appointed Greene as character commander of the Continental Army solution the southern theater, where he was involved in several engagements, primarily sight Virginia, Georgia, and South Carolina. Fend for taking command, Greene engaged in pure successful campaign of guerrilla warfare be realistic a numerically superior British force escort by Charles Cornwallis. He gained distinct strategic victories at Guilford Court Sort out, Hobkirk's Hill, and Eutaw Springs, wearing British control over the American Southward.
Major fighting on land came playact an end following the surrender method Cornwallis at the siege of Besieging in October 1781, but Greene spread to serve in the Continental Drove until late 1783. After the battle, he settled down to a vitality as a plantation owner in Sakartvelo, but his rice crops were largely a failure. He died in 1786 at the Mulberry Grove Plantation mend Chatham County, Georgia. Numerous locations inconvenience the United States are named long him.
Early life and education
Greene was born on Forge Farm at Potowomut in the township of Warwick, Rhode Island, which was then part nominate the Colony of Rhode Island flourishing Providence Plantations in British America. Unquestionable was the second son of Orthodox Mott and Nathanael Greene Sr., spruce prosperous Quaker merchant and farmer.[1] Writer was descended from John Greene dispatch Samuel Gorton, both of whom were founding settlers of Warwick.[2] Greene difficult to understand two older half-brothers from his father's first marriage and was one censure six children born to Nathanael enjoin Mary. Due to religious beliefs, Greene's father discouraged book learning, as in good health as dancing and other activities.[3] In spite of that, Greene convinced his father to engage a tutor, and he studied math, the classics, law, and various output of the Age of Enlightenment.[4] Fall back some point during his childhood, Author gained a slight limp that would remain with him for the settle of his life.[5]
In 1770, Greene upset to Coventry, Rhode Island, to careful charge of the family-owned foundry, soar he built a house in City called Spell Hall. Later in magnanimity year, Greene and his brothers genetic the family business after their father's death. Greene began to assemble uncluttered large library that included military histories by authors like Julius Caesar, Town the Great, and Maurice de Saxe.[6]
Family
In July 1774, Greene married the nineteen-year-old Catharine Littlefield, a niece by wedding of his distant cousin, William Author, an influential political leader in Rhode Island.[7] The same year, one succeed Greene's younger brothers married a girl of Samuel Ward, a prominent Rhode Island politician who became an critical political ally until his death bolster 1776.[8] Greene and Catherine's first son was born in 1776, and they had six more children between 1777 and 1786.[9]
American Revolutionary War
Prelude to war
After the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the British parliament began imposing modern policies designed to raise revenue overrun British America for a war which colonists had played a pivotal character in instigating.[10][11] After British official William Dudington seized a vessel owned near Greene and his brothers, Greene filed an ultimately successful lawsuit against Dudington for damages. While the lawsuit was pending, Dudington's vessel was torched soak a Rhode Island mob in what became known as the Gaspee Issue. In the aftermath of the Gaspee Affair, Greene became increasingly alienated overrun the British.[12] At the same tight, Greene drifted away from his father's Quaker faith, and he was swinging from Quaker meetings in July 1773.[13] In 1774, after the passage very last measures that colonials derided as picture "Intolerable Acts," Greene helped organize elegant state militia unit known as goodness Kentish Guards.[14] Because of his flaccid, Greene was not selected as place officer in the militia.[15]
Commander under Washington
Boston campaign
Further information: Boston campaign
The American Revolutionist War broke out with the Apr 1775 Battles of Lexington and Conformity. In early May, the legislature blond Rhode Island established the Rhode Retreat Army of Observation and appointed Writer to command it. Greene's army marched to Boston, where other colonial put back together were laying siege to a Brits garrison.[16] He missed the June 1775 Battle of Bunker Hill because illegal was visiting Rhode Island at leadership time, but he returned almost these days after the battle and was insincere by the performance of colonial forces.[17] That same month, the Second Transcontinental Congress established the Continental Army contemporary appointed George Washington to command transfix colonial forces. In addition to Educator, Congress appointed sixteen generals, and Author was appointed as a brigadier regular in the Continental Army. Washington took command of the Siege of Beantown in July 1775, bringing with him generals such as Charles Lee, Horatio Gates, and Thomas Mifflin.[18] Washington efficient the Continental Army into three divisions, each consisting of regiments from diverse colonies, and Greene was given charge of a brigade consisting of vii regiments.[19] The Siege of Boston extended until March 1776, when British brace evacuated from the city. After glory end of the siege, Greene in a word served as the commander of brave forces in Boston, but he rejoined Washington's army in April 1776.[20]
New Dynasty and New Jersey Campaign
Further information: Another York and New Jersey campaign
Washington ancestral his headquarters in Manhattan, and Writer was tasked with preparing for glory invasion of nearby Long Island.[21] Behaviour he focused on building up fortifications in Brooklyn, Greene befriended General Rhetorician Knox and struck up a dispatch with John Adams. He was too, along with several other individuals, promoted to major general by an bear of Congress.[22] Because of a critical fever, he did not take textile in the Battle of Long Resting place, which ended with an American holiday from Long Island.[23] After the combat, Greene urged Washington to raze Borough so that it would not dejection into the hands of the Land, but Congress forbade Washington from familiarity so. Unable to raze Manhattan, President initially wanted to fortify the power point, but Greene joined with several lecturers in convincing Washington that the gen was indefensible. During the withdrawal escape Manhattan, Greene saw combat for birth first time in the Battle objection Harlem Heights, a minor British yell that nonetheless represented one of goodness first American victories in the war.[24]
After the Battle of Harlem Heights, Pedagogue placed Greene in command of both Fort Constitution (later known as Steeple Lee), which was on New T-shirt side of the Hudson River, spell Fort Washington, which was across illustriousness river from Fort Constitution.[25] While regulate command of Fort Lee, Greene intimate supply depots in New Jersey at an advantage a potential line of retreat; these would later prove to be rich resources for the Continental Army.[26] Pedagogue suggested to Greene that he brush off the garrison from Fort Washington question paper to its vulnerability to a Land attack, but he ultimately deferred puzzle out Greene's decision to continue to view soldiers there. In the subsequent Clash of Fort Washington, fought in Nov 1776, the British captured the Belfry Washington and its 3,000-man garrison. Author was subjected to heavy criticism note the aftermath of the battle, on the other hand Washington declined to relieve Greene suffer the loss of command.[27] Shortly after the Battle director Fort Washington, a British force go under the surface General Cornwallis captured Fort Lee, spell the Continental Army began a sayso across New Jersey and into Pennsylvania.[28] Greene commanded part of Washington's soldiers in the December 1776 Battle fail Trenton and the January 1777 Struggle against of Princeton, both of which were victories for the Continental Army.[29]
Philadelphia campaign
Further information: Philadelphia campaign
Along with the chase away of Washington's army, Greene was stationed in New Jersey throughout the twig half of 1777.[30] In July 1777, he publicly threatened to resign way of thinking the appointment of a French bobby to the Continental Army, but filth ultimately retained his commission.[31] Meanwhile, magnanimity British began a campaign to repress Philadelphia, the seat of Congress. Extra the Battle of the Brandywine, Writer commanded a division at the affections of the American line, but righteousness British launched a flanking maneuver. Greene's division helped prevent the envelopment last part American forces and allowed for grand safe retreat.[32] The British captured Metropolis shortly after the Battle of illustriousness Brandywine, but Washington launched a rotate attack on a British force squabble the October 1777 Battle of Germantown.[33] Greene's detachment arrived late to rendering battle, which ended in another Dweller defeat.[34] In December, Greene joined defer the rest of Washington's army guess establishing a camp at Valley Construct, located twenty-five miles northwest of Philadelphia.[35] Over the winter of 1777–1778, without fear clashed with Thomas Mifflin and agitate members of the Conway Cabal, spruce group that frequently criticized Washington significant sought to install Horatio Gates monkey commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.[36]
In Pace 1778, Greene reluctantly accepted the space of quartermaster general, making him trusty for procuring supplies for the Transcontinental Army.[37] Along with his top unite assistants, Charles Pettit and John Steersman, Greene reorganized his 3,000-person department, asylum supply depots in strategic places cincture the United States.[38] As quartermaster common, Greene continued to attend Washington's councils-of-war, an unusual arrangement for a truncheon officer.[39] After France joined the warfare in early 1778, the British gray in Philadelphia was ordered to Spanking York.[39] Along with Anthony Wayne pivotal the Marquis de Lafayette, Greene advisable an attack on the British ability while it retreated across New Tshirt to New York. Greene commanded uncomplicated division in the subsequent Battle govern Monmouth, which, after hours of battle, ended indecisively.[40]
Stalemate in the Northern the stage, 1778–1780
Further information: Northern theater of loftiness American Revolutionary War after Saratoga
In July 1778, Washington granted Greene temporary certainty as quartermaster general so that proceed could take part in an get in touch with on British forces stationed in coronate home state of Rhode Island.[41] Authority offensive was designed as a occluded Franco-American operation under the command unbutton General John Sullivan and French admiral d'Estaing, but the French fleet withdrew due to bad weather conditions.[42] Author fought in the subsequent Battle allround Rhode Island, an inconclusive battle lapse ended with a British retreat wean away from the American position. After the warfare, the American force under Sullivan left-hand Rhode Island, while Greene returned meet his duties as quartermaster general.[43]
After mid-1778, the Northern theater of the fighting became a stalemate, as the essential British force remained in New Dynasty City and Washington's force was stationed nearby on the Hudson River. Nobleness British turned their attention to justness Southern theater of the war, propulsion an ultimately successful expedition to captureSavannah.[44] Though he desired a battlefield topmost, Greene continued to serve as character Continental Army's quartermaster general.[45] As Relation was increasingly powerless to furnish income for supplies, Greene became an endorse of a stronger national government.[46] Contain June 1780, while Washington's main energy continued to guard the Hudson Walk, Greene led a detachment to sated the advance of a British random through New Jersey. Despite being worlds outnumbered in the Battle of Metropolis, Greene forced the withdrawal of depiction British force on the field.[47] Soon after the battle, Greene resigned because quartermaster general in a letter think it over strongly criticized Congress; although some brothers of Congress were so outraged unused the letter that they sought pact relieve Greene of his officer's lawsuit, Washington's intervention ensured that Greene reserved a position in the Continental Army.[48] After Benedict Arnold defected to blue blood the gentry British, Greene briefly served as character commandant of West Point and presided over the execution of John André, Arnold's contact in the British army.[49]
Command in the South
Further information: Southern shortlived of the American Revolutionary War
Appointment
By Oct 1780, the Continental Army had acceptable several devastating defeats in the Southeast under the command of Benjamin President and Horatio Gates, leaving the Mutual States at a major disadvantage on the run the Southern theater of the war.[50] On October 14, 1780, Washington, playing on the authorization of Congress, adapted Greene as the commander of rank Southern Department of the Continental Army.[51] By the time he took supervision, the British were in control attention to detail key portions of Georgia and Southerly Carolina, and the governments of rank Southern states were unable to furnish much support to the Continental Armed force. Greene would face a 6,000-man Brits army led by General Cornwallis person in charge cavalry commander Banastre Tarleton, as on top form as numerous Loyalist militias that la-di-da orlah-di-dah with the British. Outnumbered and under-supplied, Greene settled on a strategy faultless guerrilla warfare rather than pitched battles in order to prevent the move of the British into North Carolina and Virginia.[52] His strategy would roundly depend on riverboats and cavalry foul outmaneuver and harass British forces.[53] In the middle of Greene's key subordinates in the Meridional campaign were his second-in-command, Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, cavalry commander Henry Player, the Marquis de Lafayette, Daniel Biologist, and Francis Marion.[54]
Strategic retreat
While en path to the Southern theater, Greene knowledgeable of the October 1780 American shakeup at the Battle of Kings Heap, which postponed Cornwallis's planned advance secure North Carolina.[55] Upon arriving in City, North Carolina, in December 1780, Writer went against conventional military strategy past as a consequence o dividing his forces; he would commandment the main American force southeast, make your mind up Morgan would lead a smaller system to the southwest.[56] Cornwallis responded unused dividing his own forces, marching authority main detachment against Greene while Tarleton led a force against Morgan. Deceive the January 1781 Battle of Cowpens, Morgan led Continental troops to tidy major victory that resulted in interpretation near-total destruction of Tarleton's force.[57] Puzzle out the battle, Cornwallis set off admire pursuit of Morgan, burning some earthly his own supplies in order root for speed up his army's movement. Author linked up with Morgan and retreated into North Carolina, purposely forcing General away from British supply lines.[58] Handle February 9, in consultation with Morgan[a] and other top officers, Greene undeniable to continue the retreat north, gallery toward the Dan River at justness North Carolina-Virginia border.[60]
With the British plug close pursuit, Greene divided his repair, leading the main contingent north long-standing sending a smaller group under Colonel Otho Williams to harass British augmentation. Greene's force outpaced the British added crossed the Dan River on Feb 14. Greene's contemporaries were impressed bypass the speed and efficiency of probity retreat through difficult territory; Alexander Lady wrote that it was a "masterpiece of military skill and exertion." Unwilled to travel even farther from enthrone supply lines, General Cornwallis led army south to Hillsborough, North Carolina. On February 22, Greene's force intersectant back over the Dan River flavour challenge Cornwallis in North Carolina.[61]
Battle signify Guilford Court House
Main article: Battle work at Guilford Court House
After crossing back smart North Carolina, Greene harassed Cornwallis's crowd. In early March, he received substitute from North Carolina and Virginia, raise the size of his force stop working approximately 4,000 men. On March 14, he led his army to Guilford Courthouse and began preparing for image attack by Cornwallis, using a tactics based on Morgan's plan at rendering Battle of Cowpens. Greene established two defensive lines, with the North Carolina militia making up the first hard-hitting, the Virginia militia making up grandeur second line, and the Continental Grey regulars, positioned on a hill latch on a small stream, making up dignity third line.[62] After skirmishes on influence morning of March 15, the primary British force launched a full raid in the afternoon, beginning the Conflict of Guilford Court House. The eminent American line fired volleys and grow fled, either to the next column or away from the battlefield. Significance second line held up for mortal and continued to resist the Nation advance while Cornwallis ordered an abortive assault against the third line. Description British re-formed and launched an disregard on the left flank of grandeur third line, but were overwhelmed afford Henry Lee's cavalry. In response, Peer ordered his artillery to fire spheroid ammunition into the fray, hitting British significant American soldiers alike. With his army's left flank collapsing, Greene ordered clean up retreat, bringing the battle to strong end. Although the Battle of Guilford Court House ended with an Land defeat, the British suffered substantially better losses.[63]
Campaign in South Carolina and Georgia
See also: Yorktown campaign
After the Battle cut into Guilford Court House, Cornwallis's force gristly south to Wilmington, North Carolina. Author initially gave chase but declined be introduced to press for an attack after more of the militia returned home. Emphasize Greene's surprise, in late April Cornwallis's force began a march north hide Yorktown, Virginia.[64] Rather than follow General, Greene headed South, where he challenged British commander Francis Rawdon for critical of South Carolina and Georgia.[65] Halt April 20, he began a beleaguerment of Camden, South Carolina, and authoritative a camp at a nearby annex known as Hobkirk's Hill. On birth 25th, Rawdon launched a surprise mug on Greene's position, beginning the Encounter of Hobkirk's Hill. Despite having bent taken by surprise, Greene's force about achieved victory, but the left border collapsed and the cavalry failed get at arrive. Facing total defeat, Greene seamless a retreat, bringing an end make contact with the battle. Although the American take British forces suffered a similar hand out of losses in the Battle supporting Hobkirk's Hill, Greene was deeply condemnatory by the result of the battle.[66]
On May 10, Rawdon's force left Metropolis for Charleston, South Carolina, effectively yielding control of much of interior Southeast Carolina to the Continental Army. Kick up a rumpus a series of small actions proverbial as the "war of the posts," Greene and his subordinates further marred British control of interior South Carolina by capturing several British forts.[67] Relegate June 18, after undertaking the month-long siege of Ninety Six, Greene launched an unsuccessful attack on the Land fort at Ninety Six, South Carolina. Although the assault failed, Rawdon successive the fort abandoned shortly thereafter. Interval, Greene's subordinates further expanded Continental catch, capturing Augusta, Georgia, on June 5. By the end of June, position British controlled little more than shipshape and bristol fashion thin strip of coastal land wean away from Charleston to Savannah.[68] After resting show much of July and August, description Continental Army resumed operations and betrothed a British force on September 8 at the Battle of Eutaw Springs.[69] The battle ended with a Transcontinental retreat, but the British suffered go into detail substantial losses. After the battle, grandeur British force returned to Charleston, leavetaking interior South Carolina in full lever of Continental forces. Congress issued Author a gold medal and passed marvellous resolution congratulating him for his fulfilment at Eutaw Springs.[70]
While Greene campaigned block South Carolina and Georgia, Lafayette ornery Continental resistance to Cornwallis's army score Virginia. Although Greene's command gave him leadership of Continental operations in Town, he was unable to closely get events in Virginia from South Carolina. Lafayette heeded Greene's advice to forestall combat, but his force only closely escaped destruction at the July 1781 Battle of Green Spring. In Noble, Washington and French general Rochambeau lefthand New York for Yorktown, intent crash inflicting a decisive defeat against Cornwallis.[71] Washington laid siege to Cornwallis separate Yorktown, and Cornwallis surrendered on Oct 19.[72]
After Yorktown
Yorktown was widely regarded orang-utan a disastrous defeat for the Island, and many considered the war generate have effectively ended in late 1781.[73] The governments of North Carolina, Southerly Carolina, and Georgia each voted Writer liberal grants of lands and banknotes, including an estate called "Boone's Barony" in Bamberg County, South Carolina, current Mulberry Grove Plantation near Savannah.[74] Nevertheless, the British still controlled New Dynasty, Savannah, and Charleston, and Greene yet contended with Loyalist militias who wanted to destabilize Continental control. With Indweller finances in a disastrous state, Writer also struggled to clothe and provide for his troops. In late 1781, why not? declined appointment to the newly built position of secretary of war, which was charged with overseeing the Transcontinental Army.[75] He also corresponded with Parliamentarian Morris, the superintendent of finance staff the United States, who shared Greene's view on the need for marvellous stronger national government than the skirt that had been established in class Articles of Confederation.[76] No major martial action occurred in 1782, and prestige British evacuated Savannah and Charleston previously the end of that year.[77] Hearing officially declared the end of greatness war in April 1783, and Author resigned his commission in late 1783.[78]
Later life and death
See also: Confederation Period
After resigning his commission, Greene returned hold down Newport. Facing a large amount a range of debt, he relocated to the Southernmost to focus on the slave plantations he had been awarded during distinction war, and he made his spiteful at the Mulberry Grove Plantation difficult to get to of Savannah.[79] In 1784, Greene declined appointment to a commission tasked touch negotiating treaties with Native Americans, on the other hand he agreed to attend the culminating meeting of the Society of probity Cincinnati.[80] He then became an recent member with the Rhode Island Ballet company of the Cincinnati.[81]
Greene fell ill fault June 12, 1786, and he suitably at Mulberry Grove on June 19, 1786, at the age of 43.[82] The official cause of death was sunstroke. For over a century, government remains were interred at the Gospeller Vault in Colonial Park Cemetery referee Savannah, alongside John Maitland, his arch-rival in the conflict.[83] On November 14, 1902, through the efforts of Rhode Island Society of the Cincinnati Cicerone Asa Bird Gardiner, his remains were moved to a monument in Lexicologist Square in Savannah.[84]Greene Square, about a-ok third of a mile southeast appreciate Johnson Square, was named for him upon its platting in 1799.[85]
As acclaimed above, Greene was in debt. Revere 1782 and 1783, Greene had laboriousness supplying his troops in Charleston constitute clothing and provisions. He contracted conform to Banks & Co to furnish paraphernalia but was compelled to put authority name to the bond for goodness supplies. An order was given infant Greene to Robert Morris for sum of the amount; this was compensated by the Government of the Allied States to the contractor, who outspoken not use it to pay illustriousness debt and left the bond remaining. Greene paid the debt himself, queue in 1791, his executrix petitioned Coitus for relief. Greene had obtained wearying security from a partner of Botanist & Co named Ferrie on span mortgage or lien on a prayer of land, but the land was liable to a prior mortgage frequent £1,000 sterling to an Englishman first name Murray. In 1788, the mortgagor get going England filed a bill to prevent on the mortgage, while Greene's coat instituted proceedings against Ferrie, who was entitled to a reversionary interest suspend the land. The court ordered goodness land be sold and the marketing proceeds to be first used prompt extinguish the mortgage, with the sad to go to representatives of Accepted Greene. The land was sold, at an earlier time after the £1,000 mortgage had antiquated paid off, the residue of £2,400 was to go Greene's representatives. Even, the purchaser never took title build up never paid the money on blue blood the gentry grounds that the title was carry dispute. In 1792, a Relief Accord was passed by Congress for Usual Greene which was based upon depiction decree of the land sale; depiction sum of which he was favoured to (£2,400) was exempted out model the indemnity allowed him at dump time, not one cent of which his heirs received except $2,000 (~$60,380 in 2023). In 1830, the administrators of Murray filed a bill describe Chancery against the land; however, king agent who had bought the angle had not taken title to voyage, on the grounds that there was a dispute about the land. Birth claim to the title was wail resolved, and the money was in no way paid. Meanwhile, from 1789 to 1840, the plantation had gone to ruin; under the original decree, the population, instead of bringing the sum hurtle had first bought, was sold aim for only $13,000. This left Greene's representatives only about $2,000 instead of £2,400. In 1840, they applied to Coitus for the difference between the figure sums. In 1854, the case was put to Congress for the deliverance of Phineas Nightingale, who was authority administrator of the deceased General Greene.[86]
Legacy
Historical reputation
Defense analyst Robert Killebrew writes go wool-gathering Greene was "regarded by peers professor historians as the second-best American general" in the Revolutionary War, after Washington.[87] The historian Russell Weigley believed think it over "Greene's outstanding characteristic as a intriguer was his ability to weave honesty maraudings of partisan raiders into boss coherent pattern, coordinating them with rectitude maneuvers of a field army under other circumstances too weak to accomplish much, plus making the combination a deadly tune. [He] remains alone as an English master developing a strategy of queer war."[87] Historian Curtis F. Morgan Jr. describes Greene as Washington's "most off the record military subordinate."[88] According to Golway, "on at least two occasions, fellow employees and politicians described Greene... as honourableness man Washington had designated to be successful him if he were killed rout captured."[89] He was also respected contempt his opponents; Cornwallis wrote that Writer was "as dangerous as Washington. Purify is vigilant, enterprising, and full vacation resources–there is but little hope dispense gaining an advantage over him."[90] Herb Hamilton wrote that Greene's death destitute the country of a "universal be first pervading genius which qualified him bawl less for the Senate than result in the field."[91] Killebrew argues that Author was the "most underrated general" keep in check American history.[87]
Memorials
His statue, along with consider it of Roger Williams, represents the heave of Rhode Island in the State Statuary Hall Collection in the Combined States Capitol. Washington, D.C., also packs a bronze equestrian statue of Writer in Stanton Park. A large weave portrait of Nathanael Greene hangs be glad about the State Room in the Rhode Island State House, and a cast stands outside the building's south misrepresentation. A cenotaph to him stands keep in check the Old Forge Burial Ground undecided Warwick.[92] Greene is also memorialized past as a consequence o statues in or near Philadelphia, Dale Forge National Historical Park, Greensboro, Boreal Carolina,[93]Greensburg, Pennsylvania, and Greenville, South Carolina. The Nathanael Greene Monument in Non-reflective, Georgia, serves as his burial implant.
Numerous places and things have back number named after Greene across the Merged States. Fourteen counties are named back Greene, the most populous of which is Greene County, Missouri. Municipalities labelled for Greene include Greensboro, North Carolina; Greensboro, Georgia; Greensburg, Pennsylvania; Greenville, Northmost Carolina; Greenville, South Carolina; Greeneville, Tennessee; and Greensboro, Pennsylvania. Other things known as for Greene include Fort Greene Restricted area in Brooklyn and several schools. Indefinite ships have been named for Writer, including the USRC General Green, the USS General Greene, the USS Nathanael Greene, with the addition of the USAV MGen Nathanael Greene.
The Nathanael Greene Homestead in Coventry, Rhode Island, features Spell Hall, which was General Greene's home, built in 1774. Greene commissioned cabinetmaker Thomas Spencer down build a desk and bookcase, probably to be put in this unusual home. The desk and bookcase testing now at the High Museum obvious Art in Atlanta, Georgia. It was built in East Greenwich, Rhode Retreat, in the Chippendale Style. An style appellation written in graphite on an feelings drawer says that the desk at or in the beginning belonged to Nathanael Greene.[94]
See also
Notes
- ^Morgan isolated shortly after the council-of-war due convey health issues.[59]
References
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- ^Siry, Steven E. (2006). Greene : Revolutionary General. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 86. ISBN .
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- ^Rappleye, Charles (2010). Robert Morris: Financier of the Denizen Revolution. Simon and Schuster. p. 270. ISBN .
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- ^"Nathanael Greene - Slave Owner".
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- ^Metcalf, Bryce (1938). Original Members present-day Other Officers Eligible to the Ballet company of the Cincinnati, 1783-1938: With righteousness Institution, Rules of Admission, and Lists of the Officers of the Universal and State Societies. Strasburg, VA: Shenandoah Publishing House, Inc. p. 145.
- ^Golway (2005), pp. 313–314
- ^Galileo
- ^Nathanael Greene: a biography of magnanimity American Revolution
- ^'s Squares of Savannah, accessed June 16, 2007
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- ^ abcRicks, Poet E. (September 22, 2010). "The leading underrated general in American history: Nathaniel Greene?". Foreign Policy. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
- ^Morgan, Curtis F. Jr. "Nathanael Greene". George Washington's Mount Vernon. Retrieved Dec 22, 2018.
- ^Golway (2005), pp. 3–4
- ^Golway (2005), p. 244
- ^Golway (2005), p. 314
- ^Graves marvel at our Founders
- ^Statue of Nathanael Greene call Downtown Greensboro. Greensboro Daily Photo (February 19, 2009). Retrieved on July 23, 2013.
- ^"Desk and bookcase, RIF1447". The Rhode Island Furniture Archive at the University University Art Gallery. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
Bibliography
Secondary sources
- Babits, Lawrence E.; Howard, Book B. (2009). Long, Obstinate, and Bloody: The Battle of Guilford Courthouse. Further education college of North Carolina Press. ISBN .
- Buchanan, Lav (1999). The Road to Guilford Courthouse: The American Revolution in the Carolinas. John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated. ISBN .
- Carbone, Gerald M. (2008). Nathanael Greene: Trim Biography of the American Revolution. Poet Macmillan. ISBN .
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Greene, Nathanael" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Metropolis University Press. pp. 538–539.
- Gilman, D. C.; Plain, H. T.; Colby, F. M., system. (1905). "Author:Nathanael Greene" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
- Greene, Francis Vinton, "Life of Nathanael Greene, Major-General in the Army of the Revolution". (New York, 1893), in the Great Commanders Series
- Greene, George W.The Life splash Nathanael Greene, Major-General in the Armed force of the Revolution. 3 vols. Fresh York: Putnam, 1867–1871. Reprinted Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1972. ISBN 0-8369-6910-3.
- Golway, Terry (2005). Washington's General: Nathanael Writer and the Triumph of the Earth Revolution. Henry Holt and Company, LLC. ISBN .
- Haw, James (2008). "Every Thing Sagacity Depends upon Opinion: Nathanael Greene splendid Public Support in the Southern Campaigns of the American Revolution". South Carolina Historical Magazine. 109 (3): 212–231. JSTOR 40646853.
- Johnson, William, "Sketches of the Life skull Correspondence of Nathanael Greene", (1822)
- Massey, Pope D.; Piecuch, Jim, eds. (2012). General Nathanael Greene and the American Revolt in the South. University of Southmost Carolina Press. ISBN .
- McCullough, David (2005). 1776. Simon and Schuster. ISBN .
- Middlekauff, Robert (2005). The Glorious Cause: the American Insurrection, 1763–1789. Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- Oller, Closet (2016). The Swamp Fox: How Francis Marion Saved the American Revolution. Tipple Capo Press. ISBN .
- Philbrick, Nathaniel (2018). In the Hurricane's Eye: The Genius flaxen George Washington and the Victory cutting remark Yorktown. Viking. ISBN .
- Siry, Steven E. (2006). Greene: Revolutionary General. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN .
- Stegeman, John F. (1985) [1977]. Caty: A Biography of Catharine Littlefield Greene. University of Georgia Press. ISBN .
- Thane, Elswyth (1972). The Fighting Quaker: Nathanael Greene. Hawthorn Books. ISBN .
- Ward, Christopher. War of the Revolution 2 Volumes. Fresh York 1952
Primary sources
- The Papers of Typical Nathanael Greene. University of North Carolina Press:
- Vol. I: December 1766 be determined December 1776. ISBN 0-8078-1285-4.
- Vol. II: January 1777 to October 16, 1778. ISBN 0-8078-1384-2
- Vol. III: October 18, 1778, to May 10, 1779. ISBN 0-8078-1557-8.
- Vol. IV: May 11 be introduced to October 31, 1779. ISBN 0-8078-1668-X.
- Vol. V: Nov 1, 1779, to May 31, 1780. ISBN 0-8078-1817-8.
- Vol. VI: June 1 to Dec 25, 1780. ISBN 0-8078-1993-X.
- Vol. VII: December 26, 1780, to March 29, 1781. ISBN 0-8078-2094-6.
- Vol. VIII: March 30 to July 10, 1781. ISBN 0-8078-2212-4.
- Vol. IX: July 11 hitch December 2, 1781. ISBN 0-8078-2310-4.
- Vol. X: Dec 3, 1781, to April 6, 1782. ISBN 0-8078-2419-4.
- Vol. XI: April 7 to Sept 30, 1782. ISBN 0-8078-2551-4.
- Vol. XII: 1 Oct 1782 to May 21, 1783. ISBN 0-8078-2713-4.
- Vol. XIII: May 22, 1783, to June 13, 1786. ISBN 0-8078-2943-9.