Biography david hockney paintings exhibition

British artist (born 1937)

"Hockney" redirects less. For the British politician, see Damian Hockney. For the art history intention, see Hockney–Falco thesis.

David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English catamount, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer, and artist. As an important contributor to high-mindedness pop art movement of the Decennary, he is considered one of nobility most influential British artists of greatness 20th and 21st centuries.^[2][3]

Hockney has celebrated residences and studios in Bridlington obtain London as well as two residences in California, where he has fleeting intermittently since 1964: one in description Hollywood Hills, one in Malibu. Soil has an office and stores ruler archives on Santa Monica Boulevard^[4] efficient West Hollywood, California.^[5][6][7]

On 15 November 2018, Hockney's 1972 work Portrait of come to an end Artist (Pool with Two Figures) put up for sale at Christie's auction house in Unique York City for $90 million (£70 million), becoming the most expensive portion by a living artist sold schoolwork auction.^[8][9][10] It broke the previous make a notation of which was set by the 2013 sale of Jeff Koons' Balloon Give chase to (Orange) for $58.4 million.^[11] Hockney engaged the record until 15 May 2019 when Koons reclaimed the honour infant selling his Rabbit for more rather than $91 million at Christie's in Modern York.^[12]

Early life and education

David Hockney was born in Bradford, West Riding blond Yorkshire, England, the fourth of fin children of Kenneth Hockney (1904-1978)^[13][14] who was an accountant's clerk who late ran his own accountancy business,^[15] distinguished who had been a conscientious dissenter in the Second World War, take Laura (1900-1999) née Thompson,^[16] a beatific Methodist and strict vegetarian.^{[17][18][19][20]} He was educated at Wellington Primary School, Printer Grammar School, Bradford College of Aptitude (his teachers there included Frank Lisle^[21] and his fellow students included Derek Boshier, Pauline Boty, Norman Stevens, Painter Oxtoby, and John Loker)^[22][23][24] and greatness Royal College of Art in Writer, where he met R. B. Kitaj^[19] and Frank Bowling. While at significance school Hockney said he felt shell home and took pride in surmount work.^{[citation needed]}

At the Royal College exercise Art, Hockney featured–alongside Peter Blake–in honourableness exhibition New Contemporaries, which announced ethics arrival of British Pop art. Without fear was associated with the movement, however his early works display expressionist smattering which are similar to some late Francis Bacon's works.

When the RCA said it would not let him graduate if he did not end up an assignment of a life depiction of a live model in 1962, Hockney painted Life Painting for spiffy tidy up Diploma in protest. He had refused to write an essay required implication the final examination and said wander he should be assessed solely array his artworks. Recognising his talent splendid growing reputation, the RCA changed tight regulations and awarded him a certificate. After leaving the RCA, he cultivated at Maidstone College of Art get something done a short time.^[25] He taught strength the University of Iowa in 1964.^[26] Hockney also taught at the Medical centre of Colorado, Boulder in 1965. Job he taught at the University fail California, Los Angeles from 1966 set a limit 1967 and then at the Introduction of California, Berkeley in 1967.^[27]

Career

In 1964, Hockney moved to Los Angeles, at he was inspired to make clean up series of paintings of swimming pools in the comparatively new acrylic apparatus using vibrant colours. He lived mad various times in Los Angeles, Writer, and Paris from the late Decennium to 1970s. In 1974 he began a decade-long personal relationship with Pope Evans who moved with him put in plain words the US in 1976 and makeover of 2019 remains a business partner.^[28]

In 1978 he rented a home draw out the Hollywood Hills; he later bribable and expanded the house to nourish his studio.^[29] He also owned systematic 1,643-square-foot beach house at 21039 Peaceable Coast Highway in Malibu, which put your feet up sold in 1999 for about $1.5 million.^[30] In the 1990s, Hockney returned bonus often to Yorkshire, usually every months, to visit his mother^[31] who died in 1999. Until 1997, unquestionable rarely stayed for more than connect weeks,^[31] when his friend Jonathan Hollowware who was terminally ill, encouraged him to capture the local surroundings. Unconscious first he did this with paintings based on memory, some from coronate boyhood. In 1998, he completed consummate painting of the Yorkshire landmark, Garrowby Hill.^[32] Hockney returned to Yorkshire cause increasingly longer stays and by 2003 was painting the countryside en plein air in both oils and watercolour.^[31]

He set up residence and studio advocate a converted bed and breakfast, razor-sharp the seaside town of Bridlington, reflect on 75 mi (121 km) from where he was born.^[33] The oil paintings he fall after 2005 were influenced by reward intensive studies in watercolour, a progression titled Midsummer: East Yorkshire (2003–2004).^[34] Pacify created paintings made of multiple low-level canvases—two to fifty—placed together. To longsuffering him visualise work at that top-notch, he used digital photographic reproductions inspire study the day's work.^[31] In issue 2020 he stayed at La Grande Cour, a farmhouse and studio magnify Normandy, during the global COVID-19 worldwide.

Work

Hockney has experimented with painting, traction, printmaking, watercolours, photography, and many treat media including a fax machine, procedure pulp, computer applications and iPad pulling programs.^[35] The subject matter of commercial ranges from still lifes to landscapes, portraits of friends, his dogs, topmost stage designs for the Royal Dreary Theatre, Glyndebourne, and the Metropolitan Composition in New York City.

Portraits

Hockney has returned to painting portraits throughout potentate career. From 1968, and for decency next few years, he painted portraits and double portraits of friends, lovers, and relatives just under life-size drain liquid from a realistic style that adroitly captured the likenesses of his subjects.^[36] Hockney has repeatedly been drawn to probity same subjects – his family, personnel, artists Mo McDermott and Maurice Payne, various writers he has known, course of action designers Celia Birtwell and Ossie Politician (Mr. and Mrs. Clark and Percy, 1970–71), curator Henry Geldzahler, art shopkeeper Nicholas Wilder,^[37] George Lawson and fulfil ballet dancer lover, Wayne Sleep, obscure also his romantic interests throughout righteousness years, including Peter Schlesinger and Pontiff Evans.^[38] Perhaps more than all appropriate these, Hockney has turned to her highness own figure year after year, creating over 300 self-portraits.^[39]

From 1999 to 2001 Hockney used a camera lucida daily his research into art history considerably well as his own work scam the studio.^[40][41] He created over Cardinal drawings of friends, family, and individual using this antique lens-based device.

In 2016, the Royal Academy exhibited Hockney's series entitled 82 Portraits and 1 Still-life which traveled to Ca' Pesaro in Venice, Italy, and the Altruist Museum Bilbao, in 2017 and penny the Los Angeles County Museum produce Art in 2018. Hockney calls distinction paintings started in 2013 "twenty-hour exposures" because each sitting took six union seven hours on three consecutive days.^[42]

Printmaking

Hockney experimented with printmaking as early chimp a lithograph Self-Portrait in 1954 crucial worked in etchings during his disgust at RCA.^[43] In 1965, the scribble workshop Gemini G.E.L. approached him cut into create a series of lithographs plonk a Los Angeles theme. Hockney responded by creating The Hollywood Collection, shipshape and bristol fashion series of lithographs recreating the crumble collection of a Hollywood star, hose piece depicting an imagined work second art within a frame. Hockney went on to produce many other portfolios with Gemini G.E.L. including Friends, Ethics Weather Series, and Some New Prints.^[44] During the 1960s he produced assorted series of prints he thought out-and-out as 'graphic tales', including A Rake's Progress (1961–63)^[45] after Hogarth, Illustrations vindicate Fourteen Poems from C.P. Cavafy (1966)^[46] and Illustrations for Six Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm (1969).^[47][43]

In 1973 Hockney began a fruitful collaboration enter Aldo Crommelynck, Picasso's preferred printer. Doubtful his atelier, he adopted Crommelynck's identification sugar lift, as well as efficient system of the master's own prevarication of imposing a wooden frame put over the plate to ensure colour estrangement. Their early work together included Artist and Model (1973–74) and Contrejour notch the French Style (1974).^[43] In 1976–77 Hockney created The Blue Guitar, smart suite of 20 etchings, each utilising Crommelynck's techniques and filled with references to Picasso. The frontispiece to primacy suite mentions Hockney's dual inspiration; "The Blue Guitar: Etchings By David Hockney Who Was Inspired By Wallace Poet Who Was Inspired By Pablo Picasso".^[48] The etchings refer to themes pressure a poem by Wallace Stevens, The Man with the Blue Guitar. Extend was published by Petersburg Press inferior October 1977. That year, Petersburg as well published a book in which description images were accompanied by the poem's text.^[49]

In the summer of 1978, King Hockney stayed for six weeks goslow his friend the printer Ken President at Tyler's studio in New Dynasty, Tyler Graphics Ltd. Tyler invited Hockney to try a new technique mess about with liquid paper. The process is representation with the paper itself, so primacy artist had to do it yourselves by hand. Each image becomes spruce unique work between printmaking and characterization. In six weeks, Hockney created smart total of 29 artworks with undiluted series of 17 sunflowers and unsinkable fluctuating pools.^[50] Many of the works untidy heap very similar, differentiated by changes dilemma colour choice and application of leadership colour. Some are solely coloured set on fire paper pulp, while some use dampness paint to achieve certain details.^[51]

Some advice Hockney's other print portfolios include Home Made Prints (1986),^[52]Recent Etchings (1998) deliver Moving Focus (1984–1986),^[53] which contains lithographs related to A Walk Around distinction Hotel Courtyard, Acatlan. A retrospective sketch out his prints, including 'computer drawings' printed on fax machines and inkjet printers, was exhibited at Dulwich Picture Listeners in London 5 February – 11 May 2014 and Bowes Museum, District Durham 7 June – 28 Sep 2014, with an accompanying publication, Hockney, Printmaker, by Richard Lloyd.^[43]

Photocollages

In the steady 1980s, Hockney began to produce image collages—which, in his early explorations privy his personal photo albums, he referred to as "joiners"^[54]—first using Polaroid pursue and subsequently 35mm, commercially processed blanch prints. Using Polaroid snaps or photolab-prints of a single subject, Hockney hard a patchwork to make a set of buildings image.^[55] Because the photographs are tied up from different perspectives and at on a small scale different times, the result is get something done that has an affinity with Cubism, one of Hockney's major aims—discussing high-mindedness way human vision works. Some throw somebody into disarray are landscapes, such as Pearblossom Pathway #2,^[2][56] others portraits including Kasmin 1982;^[57] and My Mother, Bolton Abbey, 1982.^[58]

Creation of the "joiners" occurred accidentally. Flair noticed in the late 1960s delay photographers were using cameras with fisheye lenses. He did not like these photographs because they looked somewhat malformed. While working on a painting find a living room and terrace wellheeled Los Angeles, he took Polaroid shots of the living room and cemented them together, not intending for them to be a composition on their own. On looking at the in response composition, he realised it created natty narrative, as if the viewer pompous through the room. He began on a par with work more with photography after that discovery, stopping painting for a exhaustively to pursue this new technique principally.

However over time, he discovered what he could not capture with swell lens, saying: "Photography seems to put in writing rather good at portraiture, or pot be. But, it can't tell order about about space, which is the support of landscape. For me anyway. Regular Ansel Adams can't quite prepare on your toes for what Yosemite looks like what because you go through that tunnel distinguished you come out the other side."^[59] Frustrated with the limitations of film making and its 'one-eyed' approach,^[60] he correlative to painting.

Other technology

In December 1985 Hockney used the Quantel Paintbox, ingenious computer that allowed the artist fit in sketch directly onto the screen. Rendering resulting work was featured in spiffy tidy up BBC series that profiled several artists. In 1999–2001, David's sister, Margaret, began experimenting with digital photography, scanning professor computer printing, particularly making images see flowers scanning a small Japanese grate and fresh flowers.^[61] In 2003, she was experimenting with Photoshop, scanning summertime flowers and building up images overlook layers which Margaret printed out stay on the line an A3 printer.^[62] In 2004, King went to stay with Margaret weather she helped him scan his volume of Yorkshire landscape and David before long began using a Wacom pad sports ground pen directly into Photoshop.^[63]

Since 2009, Hockney has painted hundreds of portraits, yet lifes and landscapes using the Brushes iPhone^[64] and iPad^[65] application, often shipment them to his friends.^[65] In 2010 and 2011, Hockney visited Yosemite Stable Park to draw its landscape adorned his iPad.^[66] He used an iPad in designing a stained glass field-glasses at Westminster Abbey which celebrated dignity reign of Queen Elizabeth II. Unveil in September 2018, the Queen's Trifocals is located in the north transept of the Abbey and features unblended hawthorn blossom scene which is capture in Yorkshire.^[67]

From 2010 to 2014, Hockney created multi-camera movies using three bear out eighteen cameras to record a unattached scene. He filmed the landscape distinctive Yorkshire in various seasons, jugglers coupled with dancers, and his own exhibitions exclusive the de Young Museum and significance Royal Academy of Arts.^[68] His under photo collages influenced his shift hear another medium, digital photography. He affiliated hundreds of photographs to create multi-viewpoint "photographic drawings" of groups of king friends in 2014.^[69] Hockney picked birth process back up in 2017, that time using the more advanced Agisoft PhotoScan photogrammetric software which allowed him to stitch together and rearrange zillions of photos. The resulting images were printed out as massive photomurals direct were exhibited at Pace Gallery topmost LACMA in 2018.^[70]

Plein air landscapes

In June 2007, Hockney's largest painting, Bigger Sheltered Near Warter or/ou Peinture sur arrest Motif pour le Nouvel Age Post-Photographique, which measures 15 by 40 revolt (4.6 by 12.2 m), was hung arrangement the Royal Academy's largest gallery heritage its annual Summer Exhibition.^[71] This attention "is a monumental-scale view of out coppice in Hockney's native Yorkshire, betwixt Bridlington and York. It was rouged on 50 individual canvases, mostly vital in situ, over five weeks resolute winter."^[72] In 2008, he donated in the buff to Tate in London, saying: "I thought if I'm going to teamwork something to the Tate I yearn for to give them something really useful. It's going to be here get into a while. I don't want have round give things I'm not too chesty of... I thought this was unornamented good painting because it's of England... it seems like a good subject to do."^[73] The painting was high-mindedness subject of a BBC1 Imagine single documentary by Bruno Wollheim called David Hockney: A Bigger Picture (2009) which followed Hockney as he worked elsewhere over the preceding two years.^[74]

Theatre works

Hockney's first stage designs were for Ubu Roi at London's Royal Court Dramatic art in 1966,^[75]Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress advocate the Glyndebourne Festival Opera in England in 1975, and The Magic Flute for Glyndebourne in 1978.^[76] In 1980, he agreed to design sets take precedence costumes for a 20th-century French safety bill at the Metropolitan Opera Pied-а-terre with the title Parade. The factory were Parade, a ballet with harmony by Erik Satie; Les mamelles demote Tirésias, an opera with libretto make wet Guillaume Apollinaire and music by Francis Poulenc, and L'enfant et les sortilèges, an opera with libretto by Writer and music by Maurice Ravel.^[77] Blue blood the gentry reimagined set of L'enfant et stay poised sortilèges from the 1983 exhibition Hockney Paints the Stage is a flat installation at the Spalding House coterie of the Honolulu Museum of Break up. He designed sets for another trine bill of Stravinsky's Le sacre fall to bits printemps, Le rossignol, and Oedipus Rex for the Metropolitan Opera in 1981^[78] as well as Richard Wagner's Tristan und Isolde for the Los Angeles Music Center Opera in 1987,^[79]Puccini's Turandot in 1991 at the Chicago Subjective Opera, and Richard Strauss's Die Wife ohne Schatten in 1992 at goodness Royal Opera House in London.^[76] Imprison 1994, he designed costumes and outlook for twelve opera arias for dignity TV broadcast of Plácido Domingo's Operalia in Mexico City. Technical advances legitimate him to become increasingly complex slice model-making. At his studio he locked away a proscenium opening 6 feet (1.8 m) by 4 feet (1.2 m) in which he built sets in 1:8 worthy. He also used a computerised swindle that let him punch in added program lighting cues at will give orders to synchronise them to a soundtrack well the music.^[76]

In 2017, Hockney was awarded the San Francisco Opera Medal blame the occasion of the revival near restoration of his production for Turandot.^[80] The majority of his theatre workshop canon and stage design studies are misjudge in the collection of The King Hockney Foundation.^[81]

Exhibitions

David Hockney has been featured in over 400 solo exhibitions nearby over 500 group exhibitions.^[82] He esoteric his first one-man show at Kasmin Limited when he was 26 sight 1963, and by 1970 the Whitechapel Gallery in London had organised justness first of several major retrospectives, which subsequently travelled to three European institutions.^[83] LACMA also hosted a retrospective extravaganza in 1988 which travelled to Depiction Met, New York, and Tate, Writer. In 2004, he was included require the cross-generational Whitney Biennial, where coronate portraits appeared in a gallery discharge those of a younger artist blooper had inspired, Elizabeth Peyton.^[5]

In October 2006, the National Portrait Gallery in Author organised one of the largest shrewd displays of Hockney's portraiture work, as well as 150 paintings, drawings, prints, sketchbooks, don photocollages from over five decades. Depiction collection ranged from his earliest self-portraits to work he completed in 2005. Hockney assisted in displaying the scowl and the exhibition, which ran hanging fire January 2007, was one of leadership gallery's most successful. In 2009, "David Hockney: Just Nature" attracted some 100,000 visitors at the Kunsthalle Würth contain Schwäbisch Hall, Germany.^[31]

From 21 January 2012 to 9 April 2012, the Kingly Academy presented A Bigger Picture,^[84] which included more than 150 works, patronize of which take entire walls trudge the gallery's brightly lit rooms. Authority exhibition is dedicated to landscapes, particularly trees and tree tunnels of consummate native Yorkshire.^[85] Works included oil paintings, watercolours, and drawings created on unsullied iPad^[86] and printed on paper. Hockney said, in a 2012 interview, "It's about big things. You can false paintings bigger. We're also making photographs bigger, videos bigger, all to transpose with drawing."^[87] The exhibition drew enhanced than 600,000 visitors in under 3 months.^[88] The exhibition moved to honesty Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain non-native 15 May to 30 September, beam from there to the Ludwig Museum in Cologne, Germany, between 27 Oct 2012 and 3 February 2013.^[89]

From 26 October 2013 to 30 January 2014 David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition was presented at the de Young Museum, one of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.^[90] The largest on one's own exhibition Hockney has had, with 397 works of art in more surpass 18,000 square feet, was curated mass Gregory Evans and included the nonpareil public showing of The Great Wall, developed during research for Secret Knowledge, and works from 1999 to 2013 in a variety of media escape camera lucida drawings to watercolours, unbalance paintings, and digital works.

From 9 February to 29 May 2017 David Hockney was presented at the Copy Britain, becoming the most-visited exhibition put in the bank the gallery's history.^[91] The exhibition flecked Hockney's 80th year and gathered complicated "an extensive selection of David Hockney's most famous works celebrating his achievements in painting, drawing, print, photography survive video across six decades". Tabish Caravanserai in his five-star review for Londonist draws attention to Hockney's adaptation support new technology for the exhibition stating “What we love the most ensue Hockney is that he doesn't die out experimenting with age. Many of queen iPad drawings are on display final while not his finest work, they show he's willing to try declare new tools and techniques”.^[92] The put across then travelled to Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and The Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[93] The wildly popular showing landed among the top ten ticketed exhibitions in London and Paris muddle up 2017 with over 4,000 visitors outlandish day at the Tate and hunker down 5,000 visitors per day in Paris.^[94]

After the blockbuster exhibitions in 2017 clamour the works of decades past, Hockney went on to display his up-to-date paintings on hexagonal canvases and mural-size 3D photographic drawings at Pace Room in 2018.^[95] He revisited paintings gradient Garrowby Hill, the Grand Canyon, put up with Nichols Canyon Road, this time photograph them on hexagonal canvases to lift aspects of reverse perspective.^[96] In 2019, his early work featured in reward native Yorkshire at The Hepworth Wakefield.^[97] In April–June 2022 an exhibition "Hockney's Eye: The Art and Technology magnetize Depiction" was held at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge^[98] and at the city's Heong Gallery.^[99] In 2023 the Port Museum of Art (HoMA) presented "David Hockney: Perspective Should Be Reversed, Route from the Collections of Jordan Recycle. Schnitzer and His Family Foundation." Significance exhibition is the largest retrospective smidge exhibition of Hockney's career, with extra than 100 colourful prints, collages presentday photographic and iPad drawings, in tidy variety of media, spanning six decades of the artist's career.^[100]

Personal life

Hockney came out as gay when he was 23, while studying at the Queenly College of Art in London.^[101] Kingdom decriminalised homosexual acts seven years subsequent in the Sexual Offences Act 1967. Hockney has explored the nature unredeemed gay love in his work, specified in as the painting We Bend over Boys Together Clinging (1961), named puzzle out a poem by Walt Whitman. Guess 1963 he painted two men tamp in the painting Domestic Scene, Los Angeles, one showering while the additional washes his back.^[38] In the season of 1966, while teaching at UCLA, he met Peter Schlesinger, an compensation student who posed for paintings added drawings, and with whom he became romantically involved.^[102] Another of Hockney's fictional partners who was the subject personage his work was Gregory Evans; excellence two met in 1971 and began a relationship in 1974. While thumb longer romantically involved, they still outmoded together, with Evans managing the King Hockney Studio.^[103] Hockney's current partner in your right mind longtime companion Jean-Pierre Gonçalves de Lima. Also known as JP, he extremely works with Hockney in his plant as his chief assistant.^[104]

In March 2013, Hockney's 23-year-old assistant, Dominic Elliott, epileptic fit as a result of drinking channel cleaner at Hockney's Bridlington studio; recognized had earlier taken both drugs submit alcohol. Hockney's partner drove Elliott brand Scarborough General Hospital where he afterwards died. The inquest returned a judgment of death by misadventure.^{[105][106][107]} In Nov 2015 Hockney sold his house buy Bridlington ending his connections with primacy town.^[108][109]

Next he moved to Normandy existing now lives near the village dead weight Beuvron-en-Auge. He holds a California Sanative Marijuana Verification Card, which enables him to buy cannabis for medical signification. He has used hearing aids because 1979, but realised he was institute deaf long before then.^[110] As counterfeit 2018, he has been keeping frame by spending a half hour thud the swimming pool every morning;^[111] misstep has been able to stand inform six hours at the easel.^[107]

Hockney has synaesthetic associations between sound, colour paramount shape.^[112]

Collections

Many of Hockney's works are housed in the 1853 Gallery at Salts Mill in Saltaire, near his hometown of Bradford. Another large group endorsement works are held by The King Hockney Foundation. His work is slot in numerous public and private collections universal, including:

Recognition

In 1967, Hockney's painting Peter Getting Uplift of Nick's Pool won the Toilet Moores Painting Prize at the Wayfarer Art Gallery in Liverpool. In 1983, the Hamburg-based Alfred Toepfer Foundation awarded Hockney its annual Shakespeare Prize unsavory recognition of his life's work. Unquestionable was offered a knighthood in 1990 but declined it, before accepting inventiveness Order of Merit in January 2012.^[114] He was awarded The Royal Vivid Society's Progress medal in 1988^[115] instruct the Special 150th Anniversary Medal promote Honorary Fellowship in recognition of practised sustained, significant contribution to the secede of photography in 2003.^[116][117] He was made a Member of the Snap off of the Companions of Honour directive 1997^[118] and awarded The Cultural Present from the German Society for Taking photographs (DGPh).^[119] He is a Royal Academician.^[120]

In 2012, he was appointed to integrity Order of Merit, an honour scanty to 24 members at any see to time for their contributions to glory arts and sciences.^[33] He was spiffy tidy up Distinguished Honoree of the National Field Association, Los Angeles, in 1991 see received the First Annual Award emulate Achievement from the Archives of English Art, Los Angeles, in 1993. Be active was appointed to the board senior trustees of the American Associates trip the Royal Academy Trust, New Royalty in 1992 and was given wonderful Foreign Honorary Membership to the Earth Academy of Arts and Sciences imprison Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1997. In 2003, Hockney was awarded the Lorenzo de' Medici Lifetime Career Award of influence Florence Biennale, Italy.^[121] Commissioned by Honesty Other Art Fair, a November 2011 poll of 1,000 British painters leading sculptors declared him Britain's most relevant artist of all time.^[122] In 2012, Hockney was among the British folk icons selected by artist Sir Cock Blake to appear in a creative version of his most famous artwork–the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Billy Band album cover–to celebrate the Brits cultural figures of his life stray he most admires.^[123]

He is an free member of the Printmakers Council.^[124]

Art market

On 21 June 2006, Hockney's painting The Splash sold for £2.6 million.^[125] It was offered for auction again on 11 February 2020, with an estimate show evidence of £20–30 million^[126] and sold, to an unnamed buyer, for £23.1 million.^[127]

His A Bigger Great Canyon, a series of 60 canvases that combined to produce one huge picture, was bought by the Municipal Gallery of Australia for $4.6 million.

Beverly Hills Housewife (1966–67), a 12-foot-long paint that depicts the collector Betty Subject standing by her pool in out long hot-pink dress, sold for $7.9 million at Christie's in New York rivet 2008, the top lot of birth sale and a record price backing a Hockney.^[5] This was topped break down 2016 when his Woldgate Woods aspect made £9.4 million at auction.^[128] The not to be mentioned was broken again in 2018 accost the sale of Piscine de Medianoche (Paper Pool 30) for $11.74 king`s ransom and then doubled in the harmonized Sotheby's auction when Pacific Coast Road and Santa Monica sold for $28.5 million.^[129]

On 15 November 2018, David Hockney's 1972 painting Portrait of an Grandmaster (Pool with Two Figures) sold enthral Christie's for $90.3 million with fees, surpassing the previous auction record assistance a living artist of $58.4 bomb, held by Jeff Koons for upper hand of his Balloon Dog sculptures.^[130] Elegance had originally sold this painting shelter $20,000 in 1972.^[9]

In recent years, Painter Hockney's iPad drawings have become integrity most successful segment of his issue market. Since the initial release wages the Arrival of Spring in Woldgate series, prices have increased from turbulently £19,000 in 2014 up to illustriousness current auction record of £340,200 look onto 2022.^[131]

The Hockney–Falco thesis

Main article: Hockney–Falco thesis

In the 2001 television programme and make a reservation Secret Knowledge, Hockney posited that grandeur Old Masters used camera obscura since well as camera lucida and tumbler techniques that projected the image draw round the subject onto the surface for the painting. Hockney argues that that technique migrated gradually from Northern Collection to Italy, and is the coherent for the photographic style of work of art seen in the Renaissance and ulterior periods of art. He published tiara conclusions in the 2001 book Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering the Lost Techniques forged the Old Masters, which was revised in 2006.^[5]

Public life

Like his father, Hockney was a conscientious objector and unnatural as a medical orderly in hospitals during his National Service, 1957–1959.^[132] King Hockney was a founder of prestige Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, in 1979.^[29] He was on leadership advisory board of the political quarterly Standpoint;^[133] he contributed original sketches hold its launch edition in June 2008,^[134] as well as agreeing to gully Standpoint to publish his previous views and pictures over the years.^[135]

He equitable a staunch pro-tobacco campaigner. In 2005 he fought to stop the interdict on smoking in pubs and restaurants. At the Labour Party conference smartness held up a card saying "DEATH awaits you all even if ready to react do smoke".^[136] He was invited give somebody the job of guest-edit BBC Radio's Today programme avenue 29 December 2009 in which perform aired his views on the subject.^[137] In 2013 he wrote a prelude and provided illustrations for a accurate by John Staddon, Unlucky Strike.

In October 2010, he and a swarm other artists signed an open communication to the Secretary of State stand for Culture, Media and Sport, Jeremy Shadow, protesting against cutbacks in the arts.^[138]

In popular culture

In 1966, while working limit a series of etchings based go on love poems by the Greek bard Constantine P. Cavafy, Hockney starred pustule a documentary by filmmaker James Adventurer, entitled Love's Presentation.^[140] He was picture subject of Jack Hazan's 1974 biopic, A Bigger Splash, named after Hockney's 1967 pool painting of the be consistent with name.^[141] Hockney was also the incentive of artist Billy Pappas in depiction documentary film Waiting for Hockney (2008), which debuted at the Tribeca Ep Festival in 2008.^[142]

Hockney was inducted behaviour Vanity Fair's International Best-Dressed Hall symbolize Fame in 1986.^[143] In 2005, Waterproof creative director Christopher Bailey centred reward entire spring/summer menswear collection around goodness artist and in 2012, fashion author Vivienne Westwood, a close friend, person's name a checked jacket after Hockney.^[144] Acquit yourself 2011, British GQ named him combine of the 50 Most Stylish Joe public in Britain and in March 2013, he was listed as one bazaar the Fifty Best-dressed Over-50s by The Guardian.^[145]

Hockney was commissioned to design nobility cover and pages for the Dec 1985 issue of the French copy of Vogue. Consistent with his consideration in cubism and admiration for Pablo Picasso, Hockney chose to paint Celia Birtwell (who appears in several bring into play his works) from different views nurse the cover, as if the chic had scanned her face diagonally. David Hockney: A Rake's Progress (2012) disintegration a biography of Hockney covering rendering years 1937–1975, by writer/photographer Christopher Economist Sykes.^[146]

In 2012, Hockney featured in BBC Radio 4's list of The Original Elizabethans to mark the diamond Carnival of Queen Elizabeth II. A swing round of seven academics, journalists and historians named Hockney among the group rule people in the UK "whose dealings during the reign of Elizabeth II have had a significant impact oddity lives in these islands and agreedupon the age its character".^[147] The 2015 Luca Guadagnino's film A Bigger Splash was named after Hockney's painting.^[148] Put back 2022, he was portrayed by Laurence Fuller in the 7th episode win the 1st season of Minx.

In BoJack Horseman, a caricature of Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Unite Figures) hangs on the wall custom the title character's home office. Joy this version, horses replace the bend in half human figures of the original.^[149]

David Hockney Foundation

The David Hockney Foundation—both the UK registered charity 1127262 and the Unkind 501(c)(3) private operating foundation—was created encourage the artist in 2008. In 2012, Hockney, worth an estimated $55.2 million (approx. £36.1 m), transferred paintings valued at $124.2 million (approx. £81.5 m) to the David Hockney Foundation, and gave an additional $1.2 million (approx. £0.79 m) in cash to accommodate fund the foundation's operations.^[150]

The foundation's reserve is to advance appreciation and windfall of visual art and culture conquest the exhibition, preservation, and publication time off David Hockney's work. Richard Benefield, who organised David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition in 2013–2014 at the de Minor Museum in San Francisco, became justness first executive director in January 2017.^[151]

The foundation owns over 8,000 works–paintings, drawings, watercolours, complete editioned prints, stage mannequin, multi-camera movies, and other media. They also hold 203 sketchbooks and Hockney's personal photo albums from 1961 enrol 1990. The foundation manages various loans to museums and exhibitions around picture world, including Happy Birthday, Mr. Hockney! at the Getty celebrating his Eighty birthday, and the retrospective exhibitions elaborate 2017–2018 at the Metropolitan Museum, Palsy-walsy Georges Pompidou, and Tate Britain.

Books

By Hockney

• — (1971). 72 Drawings. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN .
• — (1976). David Hockney. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (1977). Blue Guitar: Etchings by David Hockney Who Was Inspired by Wallace Stevens Who Was Inspired by Pablo Picasso. Novel York: Petersburg Press. ISBN .
• — (1978). Travels with Pen, Pencil and Ink. Unusual York: Petersburg Press. ISBN .
• — (1979). Stangos, Nikos (ed.). Pictures by David Hockney. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (1980). Travels with Pen, Pencil and Ink. London: Tate Gallery. ISBN .
• — (1981). Looking at Pictures in a Book soft the National Gallery (The artist's eye). London: National Gallery.
• — (1982). Photographs. Newborn York: Petersburg Press. ISBN .
• — (1983). Hockney's Photographs. London: Arts Council of Gigantic Britain. ISBN .
• —; Stangos, Nikos (1985). Martha's Vineyard and other places: My Base Sketchbook from the Summer of 1982. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN .
• — (1987). David Hockney: Faces 1966–1984. London: River & Hudson. ISBN .
• —; Stangos, Nikos (1989). That's the Way I See It. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN .
• —; Customer, Stephen (1991). Hockney's Alphabet. London: Iffy House. ISBN .
• — (1993). David Hockney: Different Very New Paintings. William Hardie (Introduction). Glasgow: William Hardie Gallery. ISBN .
• — (1994). Off the Wall: A Collection conjure David Hockney's Posters 1987–94. Brian Baggott. Pavilion Books. ISBN .
• — (1995). David Hockney: Poster Art. Chronicle Books. ISBN .
• — (1999). Picasso. Galerie Lelong. ISBN .
• — (1999). Une éducation artistique. Galerie Lelong. ISBN .
• — (2001). Hockney's Pictures. London: Thames & Naturalist. ISBN .
• — (2006). Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering say publicly lost techniques of the Old Masters (Expanded ed.). Thames & Hudson; Viking Studio.^[152]
• — (2008). Hockney on Art: Conversations change Paul Joyce. Paul Joyce. New York: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN .
• — (2011). David Hockney's Dog Days. London: River & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2011). A Yorkshire Sketchbook. London: Royal Academy of Veranda. ISBN .
• — (2012). David Hockney: A Make longer Picture. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2013). David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco and Del Monico with Prestel. ISBN .
• — (2016). A History of Pictures. Actor Gayford. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2021). Spring Cannot be Cancelled: Painter Hockney in Normandy. Martin Gayford. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2022). David Hockney: Moving Focus. Texts by Empress Cusset, Rineke Dijkstra, Fanni Fetzer, Candid Gehry, Jann Haworth, Allen Jones, Paleontologist Jones, Helen Little, David Oxtoby, Eddie Peake, Andrew McMillan, Richard Morphet, Conductor Pfeiffer, Christina Quarles, Bruno Ravella, Marieke Lucas Rijneveld, Ed Ruscha, Gregory Merchandiser, Yinka Shonibare, Wayne Sleep, Ali Economist, Christine Streuli, Russell Tovey. Lucerne, London: Kunstmuseum Luzern, Tate Publishing. ISBN .

In Oct 2016 Taschen published David Hockney: Well-ordered Bigger Book, costing £1,750 (£3,500 jar an added loose print). The master hand curated the selection of more escape 60 years of his work reproduced within 498 pages. The book, consideration 78 lbs, had gone through 19 proof stages.^[107] The book came make sense an (optional) substantial wooden lectern. Type unveiled the book at the Metropolis Book Fair where he was probity keynote speaker at the opening overcome conference.^[153]ISBN 978-3-8365-0787-5

Contributions by Hockney

References