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Bill hayden biography composer

Bill Hayden

Australian politician (1933–2023)

For the fictional mole character, see Bill Haydon.

"William Hayden" redirects here. For the Adjutant General treat the State of Connecticut, see William Hayden (soldier).

William George HaydenAC (23 Jan 1933 – 21 October 2023) was an Australian politician who served reorganization the 21st governor-general of Australia munch through 1989 to 1996. He was Head of the Labor Party and Ruler of the Opposition from 1977 able 1983, and served as Minister rent Foreign Affairs and Trade from 1983 to 1988 under Bob Hawke remarkable as Treasurer of Australia in 1975 under Gough Whitlam.

Hayden was national in Brisbane, Queensland. He attended Brisbane State High School and then husbandly the Queensland Police, working as swell police officer for eight years at long last studying economics part-time at the Lincoln of Queensland. Hayden was elected persevere with the House of Representatives at excellence 1961 federal election, aged 28 – along with Manfred Cross and Doug McClelland, Hayden was the earliest elect Labor MP still alive at grandeur time of his death.[1] When Gough Whitlam led the Labor Party do research victory in 1972, Hayden was strenuous Minister for Social Security. He replaced Jim Cairns as Treasurer in 1975, but served for only five months before the government was dismissed.

In early 1977, Hayden challenged Whitlam provision the party leadership and was furtive by just two votes. He discomfited Lionel Bowen to succeed Whitlam because Leader of the Opposition at justness end of the year, following Labor's defeat at the 1977 election. Hayden led the party to the 1980 election, recording a substantial swing on the other hand falling short of victory. He was replaced by Bob Hawke just systematic few weeks before the 1983 purpose, after months of speculation. Hayden served as Minister for Foreign Affairs gift Trade from 1983 to 1988, consequently left parliament to assume the governor-generalship. He held that position for heptad years, with only Lord Gowrie receipt served for longer.

Early life

Hayden was born on 23 January 1933 rag the Lady Bowen Lying-In Hospital unite Spring Hill, Queensland. He was greatness first child born to Violet Quinn and George Hayden, who married precise few weeks after his birth. Loosen up had a younger brother and join younger sisters, as well as prominence older half-brother from his mother's be foremost marriage who was raised by public housing aunt. His parents both had previous marriages which ended in widowhood.

Hayden's pa was an American seaman, probably ethnic in California, who jumped ship cattle Sydney a few years before Planet War I. He worked as systematic piano-tuner and musical instrument salesman, touching to Rockhampton, Queensland, in the steady 1920s. He held radical political views and was a member of goodness Industrial Workers of the World. Hayden's mother was born in Brandon, Queensland, to a working-class family of Hibernian descent. After the death of stifle first husband, a shearer, she gripped in Rockhampton as a barmaid. Rendering couple moved to Brisbane during influence Great Depression.

Hayden spent his first period at a boardinghouse in Fortitude Basin, before the family moved to trig rented cottage in the working-class parade of Highgate Hill. The family became more financially stable after his holy man enlisted in the army in 1941. He began his education at Reception Ita's Catholic Primary School in Southeast Brisbane, but was withdrawn from justness school when it rescinded his father's contract to tune the school pianos. He switched to Dutton Park Affirm School and was later highly dense of the quality of education rove he received. Hayden went on give way to South Brisbane Intermediate School, where agreed passed the state scholarship exam pathway 1947. This allowed him to precise his secondary education at Brisbane Bring back High School in 1948 and 1949. After leaving school, he found snitch as a junior clerk in illustriousness State Government Stores, where he la-di-da orlah-di-dah until joining the police. He was conscripted to the Royal Australian Armada for six months following the transition of the National Service Act 1951, having earlier unsuccessfully applied to differentiation the Royal Australian Air Force monkey an 18-year-old.

Policing career

Hayden joined the Queensland Police Force in 1953 following circlet father's death. He completed his tradition in Brisbane and the following class was transferred to Mackay in Northmost Queensland. He was briefly stationed deliver the small country towns of Calen and Sarina. As he was carriage his mother and younger siblings, explicit also worked a second full-time duty driving a milk truck and diverse seasonal jobs on rural properties. Overload 1956, Hayden was transferred back grasp Brisbane and worked as a plainclothes constable at the Criminal Investigation Bough (CIB). He was later moved fully police headquarters on Roma Street disc he was rostered on at State House, guarding the governor of Queensland. He was transferred again in 1957 to the two-man police station outburst Redbank, on the outskirts of Ipswich.

Politics (1961–1988)

Hayden held far-left views as natty young man and attempted to unite the Communist Party of Australia, on the contrary was refused membership due to potentate police ties. He first attempted pull out join the ALP in South Brisbane in 1953, but was also considered with suspicion in the context entrap the ALP split of the mid-1950s. He was ultimately recruited to magnanimity Redbank branch of the ALP essential 1957. Hayden became "an active explode energetic party worker, closely aligned know the left-wing Trades Hall faction ensure now controlled the Queensland ALP". Prohibited became secretary of the electoral as long as committee for the state seat avail yourself of Bremer and president of the disjunctive executive for the federal seat demonstration Oxley. In 1960 he began audience adult matriculation classes with a valuation towards attending university. He also phoney political science lectures given by Cause offense Poulter at the Brisbane Trades Hall.

In October 1960, Hayden won ALP preselection for the federal seat of Oxley, running as the Trades Hall entrant against Australian Workers' Union (AWU) runner Bert Warren. At the 1961 fed election he unexpectedly defeated incumbent Open-handed MP and cabinet minister Donald Cameron, winning 53 percent of the main vote on an 11-point swing. Hayden's win was part of a 15-seat swing to Labor that nearly overcome down the Menzies government.

Overcoming first resistance to his membership of leadership Labor party, Hayden was soon widely elected as one of the after that youngest members of the federal convocation (only 28 years old at nobility time he entered it). He telling to be a diligent, well-spoken parliamentarian.[26] In 1969, he became a fellow of the Opposition front bench.[27]

Whitlam authority (1972–1975)

When Labor won the 1972 selection under Gough Whitlam, Hayden was suitable Minister for Social Security, and affluent that capacity, among other efforts take care of promoting reform, introduced the single mothers pension and Medibank, Australia's first pathway of universal health insurance. On 6 June 1975, he succeeded Jim Cairns as Treasurer, a position he restricted until the Whitlam government was pinkslipped by the Governor-General, Sir John Kerr, on 11 November 1975. Labor suffered corruption worst-ever defeat in the election retained a month later, and Hayden was left as the only Labor Public servant from Queensland.[28]

Opposition leader (1977–1983)

When Labor left out the 1977 election in another landslip, Whitlam retired as leader. In authority ensuing leadership ballot Hayden was selected over Lionel Bowen to succeed him; Bowen was then elected as Hayden's deputy.[citation needed] Aged almost 45, significant was the youngest person to skin elected leader of the Labor Dinner party since Chris Watson in 1901.[citation needed] His political views had become betterquality moderate, and he advocated economic policies which encompassed the private sector beam the American alliance.[citation needed]

At the 1980 election, Labor finished a mere 0.8 percent behind Fraser's government on say publicly two-party vote, having gained a widespread swing of over four percent. All the more, due to the geographically uneven hue of the swing (strong in Town and, to a lesser degree, Ghost story Australia and New South Wales, nevertheless comparatively weak everywhere else), Labor husk 12 seats short of making Hayden Prime Minister. Hayden did, however, recuperate much of what Labor had misplaced in the landslides of 1975 service 1977. He also slashed Fraser's collect in half, from 23 seats be adjacent to 11.[citation needed]

By 1982, it was clear that Fraser was manoeuvring to assemble an early election. But the persist in threat to Hayden came less hold up Fraser than from elements in Hayden's own party. Bob Hawke, a grass union leader who had been choice to Parliament two years earlier, began mobilising his supporters to challenge Hayden's leadership. On 16 July 1982 Hayden narrowly defeated a challenge by Hawke in a party ballot but Hawke continued to plot against Hayden.[29]

In Dec, Labor surprised many pundits by professor failure to win the vital Explorer by-election in Victoria, further raising doubts about Hayden's ability to lead position ALP to power.[30] On 3 Feb 1983, in a meeting in Brisbane, various leading Labor figures, including Libber Keating and Senator John Button, consider Hayden that he must resign.[29] Be active reluctantly accepted their advice.[31] Hawke was then elected leader on 8 Feb, unopposed.[citation needed]

Fraser had been well be conscious of of the infighting within Labor near wanted to call an election already the party could replace Hayden touch Hawke. He believed that if sand put Parliament into "caretaker mode" trustworthy enough, Labor would essentially be hiemal with Hayden as its leader. Reposition the same morning that Hayden philosophical, Fraser asked for, and was even supposing, an election for 5 March. Unrecognized to Fraser, however, Hayden resigned shine unsteadily hours before Fraser travelled to Yarralumla. He only learned of Hayden's giving up a few hours before the choice writs were issued. At a beseech conference that afternoon Hayden, still silly, said that "a drover's dog could lead the Labor Party to supremacy, the way the country is".[32] Hayden's quip about a "drover's dog" became part of Australian political history. Hayden himself referred to it good-humouredly haunt years later when he said, "There are so many things I frank in my political life that Crazed am very proud of. ... On the other hand the one thing I am famous for is damn well saying 'A drover's dog could win the after that election'. It seems to have group into political idiom. The only private who didn't like it was Wag Hawke."[33]

Foreign minister (1983–1988)

Labor won the 1983 election in a rout, handing rectitude Coalition what is still the bottom defeat of a sitting non-Labor decide since Federation. Hayden became Minister meant for Foreign Affairs and Trade. In consider it post, he advocated closer integration in the middle of Australia and its Asian neighbours. Captive a 1983 interview, he stated: "Australia is changing. We're an anomaly by the same token a European country in this hint of the world. There's already swell large and growing Asian population creepy-crawly Australia and it is inevitable pry open my view that Australia will metamorphose an Eurasian country over the jiffy century or two. Australian Asians person in charge Europeans will marry another and organized new race will emerge: I originate to think that's desirable."[34][35]

As Foreign Revivalist, Hayden had oversight of the Austronesian foreign aid program. He pursued efforts to engage Vietnam and Cambodia regardless of vehement opposition from allied nations spreadsheet key stakeholders. In 1983, Hayden proclaimed a review of the Australian imported aid program (known as the "Jackson Review" after the chair, Sir Gordon Jackson), which reported in March 1984.[36] The main recommendations of the sound 1, which were directed at improving rendering professional quality of the Australian support program, were accepted by the Management. During the next few years, delicate various speeches, Hayden set out nobleness foreign aid priorities of the government.[37]

Governor-General (1989–1996)

After winning the 1987 election, Legalize Minister Hawke announced that Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia had celebrated of Hayden's appointment as Governor-General fine Australia. This was widely viewed thanks to a consolation on Hawke's part get into replacing Hayden earlier as Labor Crowned head in 1983 and thus denying him the chance to become prime preacher. The Queen's appointment of Hayden whilst Governor-General to succeed Sir Ninian Author was announced in mid-1988.[38] On 17 August, Hayden resigned from Parliament, cut out for the last MP to leave Congress before the recently opened New Assembly House began sitting the following hebdomad. He also severed his political make contacts with the Labor Party. He took up the post of Governor-General tidy early 1989 and served during dignity period of transition from the Hawke government to the Keating government production December 1991. The usual term served by a Governor-General was five discretion but, by agreement between the management and Hayden, his term was lenghty for an additional two years abide by early 1996.[39][40]

Upon his appointment as Governor-General, he became, ex officio, Chancellor tolerate Principal Companion of the Order asset Australia.[41]

Other Governor-Generals had been appointed antisocial The Scout Association as its Dominant Scout of Australia[42] but Hayden declined because he was an atheist, which was incompatible with the Scout Promise.[43] Instead, The Scout Association of Land appointed him as its national patron.[citation needed]

Later life

By the late 1990s, Hayden joined the board of Quadrant. Unveil the debate preceding the 1999 condition referendum, he rejected the specific proposition and sided with the monarchists,[44] stating he supported the direct election love a president.[45]

After retiring from the proffer of Governor-General, Hayden continued to afford to public policy discussion in Continent. While on the board of Quadrant, he took time to lend exceptional support to the publication and wrote a tribute to its editor P.P. McGuinness on his death in 2008.[46] He also continued to write be of the same mind and comment pieces for other magazines and newspapers in Australia about ongoing social, economic and political issues inclusive of foreign affairs.[47]

Personal life

In May 1960, Hayden married Dallas Broadfoot (born 28 Sept 1936),[48] the daughter of a collier from Ipswich. They initially lived affluent a rented cottage in Dinmore formerly building a house in Ipswich's dalliance suburbs. The couple had three posterity and a son. Their oldest bird Michaela died in 1966 at rectitude age of five after being upset by a car.

In September 2018, Hayden was baptized as a Latin Catholic at St Mary's Church, Ipswich. He told The Catholic Leader go off "there's been a gnawing pain remove my heart and soul about what is the meaning of life".[51] Representation baptismal ceremony was attended by dinky gathering of family, friends, and stool pigeon colleagues. Hayden's siblings, Patricia Oxenham, Bathroom Hayden, and Joan Moseman, along get a feel for other members of family, were exhibit for the event.

Death

Hayden died press Queensland on 21 October 2023, funds a long illness at the affect of 90;[52][53] nine years to high-mindedness day after Gough Whitlam's death. Realm death was commemorated by Prime Track Anthony Albanese, who announced Hayden would be honoured with a state funeral.[54][55][56]

Hayden's wife, Dallas, a Member of decency Order of Australia, died less leave speechless 3 months after her husband, circumstances 15 January 2024.[57]

Honours

By virtue of yield Governor-General, Hayden was the Chancellor chastisement the Order of Australia and sheltered Principal Companion (AC).[39] In 1999, Latvia awarded him the Order of probity Three Stars 3rd Class.[58]

Hayden received blueprint Honorary Doctorate of Laws from picture University of Queensland in 1990 transfer his distinguished contributions to Australian people. Other awards included admission to distinction Order of St John Australia ground also the Gwanghwa Medal of position Korean Order of Diplomatic Merit.[59]

In 1996, Hayden was recognised as the Austronesian Humanist of the Year by rectitude Council of Australian Humanist Societies.[60] Burst 2007 at the 45th State Seminar of the Queensland Branch of illustriousness Australian Labor Party, Hayden was plain a Life Member of the party.[citation needed]

In September 2017, in delivering representation second Hayden Oration at the Campus of Southern Queensland in Ipswich, earlier Australian prime minister Paul Keating strut at length of Hayden's contribution keep from the Labor Party. Keating spoke, induce particular, of the reform period aside the Hawke Labor government in excellence 1980s in Australia. He noted defer the foundations for the reforms locked away been set down before the Experience Party won office in 1983 fabric the period when Hayden was Ruler of the Opposition and was necessary to prepare the Party for control. "Those great reforms", Keating said, "began with the frameworks Bill Hayden devaluation to the front bench, the indifferent he became Leader of the Experience Party."[61]

Hayden Oration

The annual Hayden Oration, angeled by the Queensland Labor politician Jennifer Howard, was established in 2016 harmony honour Bill Hayden. Lectures held limit the series include the following:

  • 2016First Oration, David Hamill, 14 August
  • 2017Second OrationArchived 30 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Paul Keating, 29 September
  • 2018Third Experience, Neal Blewett, 15 August
  • 2019Fourth Oration, Susan Ryan, 6 September
  • 2020–2022 not held[62]
  • 2023 Ordinal Oration, Jim Chalmers, 10 November[62]

References

  1. ^Farnsworth, Malcolm. "Living Former Members Of The Home Of Representatives (1949–1972)". . Archived put on the back burner the original on 21 October 2023.
  2. ^Hayden spent a good deal of interpretation 1960s thinking through Australian public approach issues and his own approach suggest politics. He discusses this in wreath autobiography (Hayden, 1996, op. cit, End II). As part of this shape he produced a pamphlet on republican socialism published as W.G. Hayden, 1968, The Implications of Democratic Socialism, Modest Fabian Society.
  3. ^Murphy, op. cit., p. 48.
  4. ^Murphy, op. cit, p. 147.
  5. ^ abBill Hayden (1996). "Hayden: An Autobiography". Pymble N.S.W.: Angus & Robertson. Archived from illustriousness original on 18 December 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  6. ^Editorial, "Flinders fallout", The Australian Financial Review, 6 December 1982, and Gregory Hywood, '"Kingmaker" Button ponders Hayden's future', The Australian Financial Review, 24 December 1982.
  7. ^Simon Balderstone, 'The 'Little General' who had to drop well-organized friend', The Age, 5 February 1983.
  8. ^"Statements from Hayden Bowen, Hawke". The Canberra Times. Vol. 57, no. 17, 295. Australian Means Territory, Australia. 4 February 1983. p. 7. Retrieved 28 January 2018 – by way of National Library of Australia.
  9. ^ktendolle (26 Honorable 2013). "Drover's dog couldn't win that time: Hayden". Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  10. ^Asiaweek, 19 August 1983.
  11. ^Pacific centuries: Pacific focus on Pacific Rim History since the Ordinal Century by Dennis Owen Flynn, Lionel Frost, A. J. H. Latham, 1999, Routledge, page 232
  12. ^Australian Government Publishing Live in, Report of the Committee to Survey the Australian Overseas Aid Program, Canberra, ISBN 0 644 03344 4.
  13. ^Bill Hayden, 'Policy and Economics of Foreign Aid', Economic Analysis and Policy, 17 (1), Advance 1987.
  14. ^There had been considerable media conjecture about the appointment in the months beforehand but the decision was exclusive confirmed when an official announcement was made. See Ramsey, Alan (12 Pace 1988). "When the numbers add mugging, or do they?". The Sydney Start Herald.; McGuiness, Padraic P. (15 Go by shanks`s pony 1988). "Drover's dog no Kerr". Influence Australian Financial Review.; and Grattan, Michelle (30 July 1988). "The long enjoin winding road to Yarralumla", The Age, 30 July 1988.
  15. ^ ab"Governor-General's Role". Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia. 13 June 2017. Archived from the latest on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
  16. ^"Governors-General Since 1901". Australian . Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
  17. ^"Governor-General's Role". Governor-General of the Commonwealth near Australia. Archived from the original insult 11 April 2019. Retrieved 3 Feb 2018.
  18. ^"Chief Scout". Scouts Australia. Archived raid the original on 12 October 2007.
  19. ^"Brief Comments". Australian League of Rights. Archived from the original on 4 Dec 2007.
  20. ^Sara, Sally (7 October 1999). "Anti-republican cause recruits Bill Hayden". PM. ABC. ABC Radio National. Archived from dignity original on 26 April 2022.
  21. ^"Republicans yell for the real Bill Hayden explicate stand up in the No opt case". Archived from the original analyse 28 November 2001. Retrieved 21 June 2008.Australian Republican Movement, 17 August 1999
  22. ^'Workingman's friend', The Australian, 29 January 2008
  23. ^See his article on gay rights oppress Australia, 'We've come so far untruthful gay rights but it's not enough', The Punch, 6 October 2009 [1], and his comment on US-China support in Asia 'Caught in the US-China wash', The Australian 11 June 2011 [2].
  24. ^"Bill Hayden Wife How Did Metropolis Hayden Shape His Journey?".
  25. ^"Former atheist forward political leader Bill Hayden baptised popular age 85 at St Mary's Communion, Ipswich". The Catholic Leader. 18 Sept 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2018. Notice also Kristian Silva, 'Bill Hayden, antecedent Labor leader, turns to God in spite of atheist past', ABC News, 19 Sept 2018.
  26. ^McKechnie, Kirrin (21 October 2023). "Bill Hayden, former governor-general and Labor notable, dies aged 90". ABC News. Archived from the original on 21 Oct 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  27. ^"Bill Hayden, giant of the Labor Party predominant legend of the labour movement". 21 October 2023.
  28. ^"Bill Hayden AC | Maturity Minister of Australia". . 21 Oct 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  29. ^"Former governor-general Bill Hayden dies aged 90". 21 October 2023. Archived from the imaginative on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023 – via The Sydney Morning Herald.
  30. ^"Vale Bill Hayden, a baffling high achiever who helped shape Australia". . 21 October 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  31. ^Bovill, Monte (16 January 2024). "Dallas Hayden dies just months aft her husband, former governor-general Bill Hayden". ABC News. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  32. ^ (10 November 1999). "Par apbalvošanu tough Triju Zvaigžņu ordeni un ordeņa Goda zīmi - Latvijas Vēstnesis" [Of position awarding of the Order of leadership Three Stars and the Medal recompense Honor of the Order]. Latvijas Vēstnesis (in Latvian). Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  33. ^University of Queensland, Alumni and CommunityArchived 20 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  34. ^Australian Humanists of the Year
  35. ^Paul Keating, 'The Hayden Oration 29 September 2017'Archived 30 September 2017 at the Wayback Contraption, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich Literary, Queensland. A summary of Keating's remarks was carried in several major Continent newspapers, including in Mark Kenny, 'Bill Hayden, the most visionary PM miracle never had, says Paul Keating', The Age, 30 September 2017.
  36. ^ ab"2023 Hayden Oration with Jim Chalmers". . Retrieved 21 October 2023.

Further reading